探讨3D打印多孔钛金属骨小梁臼杯与传统生物固定臼杯在Ⅰ/Ⅱ型髋臼发育不良患者全髋关节置换术（THA）中的疗效。

本研究为回顾性队列研究，纳入2021年9月至2023年9月期间于贵港市人民医院接受THA的70例Ⅰ/Ⅱ型髋臼发育不良患者作为研究对象。根据假体类型差异进行分组设计：对照组（n=35）采用生物型髋臼假体完成THA，观察组（n=35）则应用3D打印技术制备的多孔钛金属骨小梁臼杯实施THA。观察2组患者随访时间、假体存活率、视觉模拟疼痛评分（VAS）、Harris髋关节功能评分、假体固定效果和安全性，比较两组的上述指标结果。计量资料组间比较采用独立样本t检验，组内比较采用配对t检验，多个时间点的纵向数据，采用重复测量方差分析，计数资料组间比较采用卡方检验或Fisher确切概率法。采用Mann-Whitney U检验（非参数检验）比较两组的中位随访时间，使用log-rank检验进行生存曲线的组间比较。

两组间VAS差异无统计学意义（F=0.547，P>0.05）；两组组内VAS评分3个时间点差异有统计学意义（对照组F=386.724、观察组F=412.159，均为P<0.001）；两组交互效应差异有统计学意义（F=4.316，P=0.014）。两组间Harris评分差异存在统计学意义（F=14.582，P<0.05），3个时间点组内的Harris评分差异存在统计学意义（对照组F=387.624、观察组F=425.817，均为P<0.05），交互效应差异存在统计学意义（F=5.217，P<0.05）。多变量分析显示2组患者术前Harris评分差异无统计学意义（t=0.403，P>0.05），术后3、6个月时观察组Harris评分均高于对照组（t=3.809、4.521，均为P<0.05）。两组间随访时长差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），观察组假体存活率100.0%，优于对照组的97.1% [log-rank检验风险比（HR）=0.314，95%置信区间（CI）（0.013，7.892），P>0.05]。

3D打印多孔钛金属骨小梁臼杯能够在一定程度上改善Ⅰ/Ⅱ型髋臼发育不良患者THA中的临床效果，值得临床推广应用。

To explore the efficacy of three dimentional (3D) -printed porous titanium trabecular acetabular cups and traditional biological fixation acetabular cups in total hip arthroplasty (THA) for patients with type Ⅰ/Ⅱ acetabular dysplasia.

This retrospective cohort study included 70 patients with type I/II acetabular dysplasia who underwent THA at Guigang People's Hospital from September 2021 to September 2023. Patients were divided into two groups based on the type of prosthesis: the control group (n=35) received THA with a biological acetabular prosthesis, and the observation group (n=35) received THA with a 3D-printed porous titanium trabecular acetabular cup. The follow-up time, prosthesis survival rate, visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score, Harris hip score, prosthesis fixation effect, and safety were observed in both groups. The results of the above indicators were compared between the two groups. Independent sample t test was used for comparisons between groups for measurement data, paired ttest was used for comparisons within groups, and repeated measures ANOVA for the data at multiple time points. Chi square test or Fisher’s exact probability method were used for comparisons between groups for count data. The Mann-Whitney U test (non-parametric test) was used to compare the follow-up time between the two groups, and the log-rank test was used for comparison of survival curves between groups.

There was no statistically significant difference in VAS between the two groups (F=0.547, P>0.05), and there were statistically significant differences in both groups at three time points(control group F=386.724, observation group F=412.159, both P<0.001), while the difference in interaction effect of VAS score was also statistically significant ( interaction F=4.316, P=0.014). As for Harris scores, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (F=14.582, P<0.05), and statistically significant differences within both groups among the three time points (control group F=387.624, observation group F=425.817, both P<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in interaction effect of the two groups (F=5.217, P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed no statistically significant difference in Harris scores before operation between the two groups (t=0.403, P>0.05), but the observation group had higher Harris scores than the control group at three and six months after surgery (t=3.809, 4.521, both P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in follow-up duration between the two groups (P>0.05). The prosthesis survival rate of the observation group (100.0%) was better than the control group (97.1%) [ log-rank test hazard ratio (HR)=0.314, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.013, 7.892), P<0.05].

3D-printed porous titanium trabecular acetabular cups can improve the clinical outcomes of THA in patients with type Ⅰ/Ⅱ acetabular dysplasia to a certain extent and are worthy of clinical promotion and application.