对多个人股骨头微观形貌进行表征并提取形貌参数进行分析，为设计与制备仿生骨修复材料奠定理论基础。

收集43例2016至2017年度在昆明医科大学第一附属医院骨科需行人工股骨头或全髋关节置换术患者的股骨头标本，纳入标准为术前已完善骨密度检查，血液检验无异常内并签署知情同意书的患者；排除标准为存在陈旧性骨折，或患有骨代谢疾病、肿瘤、局部炎症、结核、遗传性疾病史的患者。分别按照年龄、性别、骨密度分为3组：(1)青中年组(42～59)岁(n ＝7)/老年组(60～83)岁(n ＝36)；(2)男性组(n ＝21)/女性组(n ＝22)；(3)骨量正常组(n ＝9)，骨量减少组(n ＝13)，骨质疏松组(n ＝21)。利用扫描电镜表征其表面微观形貌并用Image J软件提取形貌参数，用多因素方差分析对得到的微观形貌参数数据(直径、角度、长度)进行统计学分析。

不同组别的骨表面微观形貌存在着不同现象。(1)骨质疏松组：矿化胶原纤维束直径(1.57±0.46)μm、长度(19.14±7.98)μm、角度(66.67±9.40)°；骨量减少组：矿化胶原纤维束直径(2.02±0.71)μm、长度(23.10±7.89)μm、角度(51.66±14.78)°；骨量正常组：矿化胶原纤维束直径(2.22±0.25)μm、长度(27.02±12.25)μm、角度(46.85±7.53)°。3组之间直径差异有统计学意义(F ＝33.687，P<0.01)，LSD-t两两比较，骨质疏松组和骨量正常组直径组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；3组之间及组间的角度、长度参数差异有统计学意义(F ＝19.614，P<0.05)。(2)老年组与中青年组胶原纤维束数据分别为：直径(1.76±0.62)μm和(2.22±0.25)μm(t ＝－2.896，P<0.01)、角度(60.51±13.99)°和(46.85±7.53)°(t ＝7.674，P<0.01)、长度(20.89±8.11)μm和(27.02±12.25)μm(t ＝－2.653，P<0.05)。(3)不同性别两组间的角度差异较大(t＝2.375，P<0.05)，其余组数据差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

扫描电镜技术可对股骨头骨表面微观形貌进行表征，运用Image J软件处理电镜图像可以准确可靠地提取微观形貌参数。不同的骨状态会导致骨表面微观形貌发生变化，即矿化胶原纤维束的直径、长度、取向分布的不同。

To observe the surface micro-topography of multiple femoral heads under different grouping and to extract, analyze and summarize the topographic parameters.

During 2016 to 2017, 43 cases of femoral head specimens for patients with artificial femoral head replacement or total hip arthroplasty in the Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University were collected. The inclusion criteria: the patients who have completed bone density examination before surgery, no abnormalities in blood tests and signed informed consent. Exclusion criteria: the patients with old fractures, or with a history of bone metabolic diseases, tumors, local inflammation, tuberculosis, and hereditary diseases. The specimens divided into three groups according to age, sex and bone density: (1)the middle-aged group (42-59 years old, n=7)and the elderly group (60-83 years old, n=36); (2)the male group (n=21) and the female group (n=22); (3)the normal bone mass group (n=9), the bone mass reduction group (n=13), and the osteoporosis group (n=21). The surface microscopic morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and the morphology parameters were extracted by ImageJ software. The data of the microscopic topography parameters (diameter, angle and length) were statistically analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance.

Different bone surface morphology was found in each group. (1)The micro-topography parameters of the three groups were as follows: in the osteoporosis group, the mineralized collagen fiber bundle diameter was (1.57±0.46)μm, the length was (19.14±7.98)μm, angle was (66.67±9.40)°; in the osteopenia group, the diameter of collagen fibril bundle diameter was (2.02±0.71)μm, the length was (23.10±7.89)μm and the angle was (51.66±14.78)°; in the normal bone mass group, the diameter of collagen fibril bundle diameter was (2.22±0.25)μm, the length was (27.02±12.25)μm and the angle was (46.85±7.53)°.Statistical analysis showed significant difference in diameter among the three groups (F =33.687, P<0.01). LSD-t comparison showed significant difference in the diameters between osteoporosis group and normal bone mass group (P<0.05). The differences in angles and lengths of the three groups were statistically significant (F =19.614, P<0.05). (2) Data of collagen fibril bundles in the elderly group vs. the young and middle-aged group: diameter (1.76±0.62) μm and (2.22±0.25)μm(t =-2.896, P<0.01); angle (60.51±13.99) ° and (46.85±7.53)°(t =7.674, P<0.01); length (20.89±8.11) μm and (27.02±12.25)μm(t =-2.653, P<0.05). (3) No statistical difference was found in the data between the two gender groups(P>0.05).

SEM can clearly and completely characterize the microstructure of the bone surface, and the microscopic morphology parameters can be accurately and reliably extracted by using ImageJ software. Different state of bone will lead to the changes of the surface micro-morphology, including mineralize collagen fibers diameter, length, orientation of the different distribution.