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中华关节外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (04) : 450 -456. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-134X.2024.04.004

临床论著

白血病异基因造血干细胞移植术后股骨坏死的影响因素
何甘霖1,(), 陈香侬1, 李萍1, 甄佳怡1, 李京霞1, 邹外一1, 许多荣1   
  1. 1. 510080 广州,中山大学附属第一医院血液内科
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-01 出版日期:2024-08-01
  • 通信作者: 何甘霖

Influencing factors of femoral head necrosis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in leukemia

Ganlin He1,(), Xiangnong Chen1, Ping Li1, Jiayi Zhen1, Jingxia Li1, Waiyi Zou1, Duorong Xu1   

  1. 1. Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
  • Received:2023-11-01 Published:2024-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Ganlin He
引用本文:

何甘霖, 陈香侬, 李萍, 甄佳怡, 李京霞, 邹外一, 许多荣. 白血病异基因造血干细胞移植术后股骨坏死的影响因素[J]. 中华关节外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(04): 450-456.

Ganlin He, Xiangnong Chen, Ping Li, Jiayi Zhen, Jingxia Li, Waiyi Zou, Duorong Xu. Influencing factors of femoral head necrosis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in leukemia[J]. Chinese Journal of Joint Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(04): 450-456.

目的

探讨恶性血液病患者异基因造血干细胞移植(Allo-HSCT)后股骨头坏死的影响因素。

方法

回顾性收集2016年1月至2021年12月中山大学附属第一医院血液内科接受异基因造血干细胞移植后出现股骨头/股骨远端坏死的患者各项临床资料及检查结果,纳入临床资料完整,排除资料缺失或随访时间较短的患者。最终纳入移植前后体重、移植前后血红蛋白、移植后血钙波动情况、移植后膀胱炎、移植物抗宿主病、激素用量等18个可能的影响因素,将性别相同、年龄相近、随访日期相近的患者,按1∶3进行配对logistic回归分析。

结果

共纳入40例患者,单因素logistic回归分析:膀胱炎[比值比(OR)=5.967,95%置信区间(CI)(1.209,29.443),P=0.028]、移植后半年应用甲泼尼龙剂量[OR = 2.108,95%CI(1.008,4.408),P=0.048]、移植后血钙极差(即移植后血钙最大值-最小值)[OR=2.377,95%CI(1.127,5.014),P=0.023]有统计学意义;多因素logistic回归分析,仅移植后血钙极差的差异有统计学意义[OR=2.377,95%CI(1.127,5.014),P=0.023]。

结论

血钙移植后极差大是白血病患者AIIo-HSCT术后股骨头坏死发生的潜在危险因素。

Objective

To investigate the influencing factors of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in patients with hematologic malignancies after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

Methods

Data of leukemia patients who underwent allo-HSCT in the Department of Hematology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 2016 and December 2021 were retrospectively collected. The patients with complete clinical data were enrolled, while the patients with incomplete data or short-term follow-up time were excluded. A total of 40 patients were included, and 18 potential influencing factors were analyzed using logistic regression with 1:3 matched design based on gender, age, and disease status during the same period.

Results

In the univariate logistic regression analysis, statistically significant factors for ONFH included cystitis [odds ratio (OR)= 5.967, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.209, 29.443), P = 0.028], methylprednisolone dosage at six months after transplantation [OR = 2.108, 95%CI(1.008, 4.408), P=0.048], and extreme difference in serum calcium after transplantation (i.e., the difference between the maximum and minimum values of blood calcium after transplantation) [OR=2.377, 95%CI(1.127, 5.014), P=0.023]. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, only the extreme difference in blood calcium levels after transplantation remained statistically significant[OR=2.377, 95%CI(1.127, 5.014), P=0.023].

Conclusion

A large difference in blood calcium levels after transplantation is a risk factor for ONFH in leukemia patients undergoing allo-HSCT.

表1 ONFH组及对照组基本情况
Table 1 General informations of the ONFH group and control group
项目Objects ONFH组
ONFH group
对照组
Control group
统计值
Statistical value
P
例数 Number of cases 10 30
移植时年龄[岁, MP25P75)]Age (year) 25(23,35) 27(23,25) t=-0.673 >0.05
性别Gender[例(%)]
女性Female 3(30.0) 9(30.0) - -
男性Male 7(70.0) 21(70.0)
疾病类型[例(%)]
Type of hematological disease
骨髓增生异常综合征
Myelodysplastic syndrome
0 2(6.7) χ2=1.255 >0.05
急性髓系白血病
Acute myeloid leukemia
6(60.0) 10(33.3)
急性淋巴细胞白血病
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
3(10.0) 10(33.3)
淋巴瘤细胞白血病
Lymphoma cell leukemia
1(10.0) 2(6.7)
其他Others* 0 6(20.0)
移植前疾病状态[例(%)]
Disease status pre-allo-HSCT
完全缓解
Complete remission
10(100.0) 28(93.3) χ2=0.000 >0.05
部分缓解或未缓解
Partial remission or no remission
0 2(6.7)
目前生存情况[例(%)]
Current survival situation
生存Survival 9(90.0) 26(86.7) χ2=0.370 >0.05
死亡Death 1(10.0) 4(13.3)
股骨坏死单侧/双侧
Unilateral/bilateral of ONFH[例(%)]
双侧Unilateral of ONFH 5(50.0) -
单侧Bilateral of ONFH 5(50.0) -
股骨坏死部位Femoral necrosis site
股骨头Femoral head 9(90.0) -
股骨远端Distal femur 1(10.0) -
移植后出现股骨头坏死时间[月, MP25P75)]
Time of ONFH after allo-HSCT (month)
23(14,38) -
移植后随访时间[月, MP25P75)]
Follow-up duration (month)
44(37,60) 42(27,55) t=0.844 >0.05
表2 ONFH组及对照组allo-HSCT前后资料对比
Table 2 Information comparison of ONFHgroup and control group before and after allo-HSCT
项目 Objects ONFH组
ONFH group
对照组
Control group
统计值
Statistical value
P
例数 Number of cases 10 30
体重[kg,()] Weight
移植前Before allo-HSCT 60.700±2.900 59.690±1.780 t=0.287 >0.05
移植后1个月增加
One month after allo-HSCT
-2.660±0.580 -3.060±0.510 t=0.424 >0.05
移植后6个月增加
Six months after allo-HSCT
-2.440±1.450 -2.160±0.680 t=-0.195 >0.05
血红蛋白[g/L,()] Hemoglobin
移植前Before allo-HSCT 119.70±7.64 109.7±3.95 t=1.230 >0.05
移植后1个月One month after allo-HSCT 92.000±6.670 101.430±4.520 t=-1.078 >0.05
移植后6个月Six months after allo-HSCT 117.900±6.830 125.900±4.150 t=-0.976 >0.05
移植后1年One year after allo-HSCT 126.670±9.020 131.680±5.300 t=-0.471 >0.05
血小板[×109/L,()] Platelets
移植前Before allo-HSCT 179.500±66.880 190.77±89.090 t=-0.366 >0.05
移植后1月One month after allo-HSCT 108.100±101.780 100.930±60.700 t=0.270 >0.05
移植后6个月Six months after allo-HSCT 98.000±53.790 121.900±59.860 t=-1.119 >0.05
移植后1年One year after allo-HSCT 150.560±64.270 133.540±62.640 t=0.705 >0.05
凝血酶原时[s,()]
Prothrombin time
移植前Before allo-HSCT 11.570±0.830 11.720±1.090 t=-0.388 >0.05
移植后1个月One month after allo-HSCT 11.380±1.140 11.460±1.380 t=-0.119 >0.05
移植后6个月Six months after allo-HSCT 11.750±1.430 11.320±1.010 t=0.924 >0.05
移植后1年One year after allo-HSCT 11.400±0.250 11.750±1.130 t=-0.612 >0.05
部分凝血活酶时间[s,()]
Activated partial thromboplastin time(s)
移植前Before allo-HSCT 30.260±4.410 30.500±5.510 t=-0.125 >0.05
移植后1个月One month after allo-HSCT 27.570±7.000 27.230±7.530 t=-0.014 >0.05
移植后6个月Six months after allo-HSCT 29.700±8.180 26.080±5.590 t=1.385 >0.05
移植后1年One year after allo-HSCT 22.480±12.800 26.560±8.070 t=-0.880 >0.05
纤维蛋白原Fibrinogen [g/L,()]
移植前Before allo-HSCT 2.440±0.630 2.860±1.080 t=-1.148 >0.05
移植后1月One month after allo-HSCT 2.910±1.020 3.110±0.950 t=-1.338 >0.05
移植后6个月Six months after allo-HSCT 4.020±1.550 3.450±1.050 t=1.163 >0.05
移植后1年One year after allo-HSCT 3.080±0.580 3.380±0.970 t=-0.599 >0.05
血钙浓度Serum calcium [mmol/L,()]
移植前Before allo-HSCT 2.300±0.150 2.280±0.130 t=0.404 >0.05
移植后1个月One month after allo-HSCT 2.350±0.090 2.340±0.110 t=0.340 >0.05
移植后6个月Six months after allo-HSCT 2.260±0.100 2.270±0.110 t=-0.269 >0.05
移植后1年One year after allo-HSCT 2.300±0.110 2.320±0.110 t=-0.294 >0.05
最大值Maximum 2.510±0.030 2.480±0.020 Z=-0.906 >0.05
最小值Minimum 1.970±0.070 2.050±0.030 Z=-0.705 >0.05
极差Range 0.530±0.060 0.430±0.050 Z=-1.754 >0.05
甲泼尼龙用量[mg/kg,()]
Dosage of methylprednisolone
移植前Before allo-HSCT 11.280±2.380 13.400±1.490 t=0.722 >0.05
移植后6个月Six months after allo-HSCT 35.350±4.430 29.280±4.010 t=0.815 >0.05
移植后1年One year after allo-HSCT 56.210±6.580 43.960±6.550 t=1.019 >0.05
移植后2年Two years after allo-HSCT 73.330±11.820 50.240±7.810 t=1.521 >0.05
移植后3年Three years after allo-HSCT 74.120±12.230 53.580±8.280 t=1.283 >0.05
累积总量Accumulated total amount 85.400±12.150 68.590±9.020 t=0.979 >0.05
并发症 Complications
膀胱炎Cystitis[例(%)] 8(80.00) 13(43.30) χ2=2.707 >0.05
急性移植物抗宿主病[例(%)]
Acute graft versus host disease
2(20.00) 9(30.00) χ2=0.042 >0.05
慢性移植物抗宿主病[例(%)]
Chronic graft-versus-host disease
10(100.00) 15(50.00) χ2=6.009 0.014
表3 发生移植后股骨头坏死logistic回归分析结果
Table 3 Logistic regression analysis results of femoral head necrosis after transplantation
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