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中华关节外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (03) : 275 -282. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-134X.2026.03.003

临床论著

应用可吸收螺钉联合股方肌骨瓣移植术治疗股骨头坏死
张耀林1,2, 蔡兴博1, 王腾1, 杨曦1, 李朝波1, 吕黎明1, 徐永清1,()   
  1. 1 650032 昆明,解放军联勤保障部队第920医院骨科
    2 661199 云南蒙自,昆明医科大学附属红河医院创伤外科
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-17 出版日期:2026-06-01
  • 通信作者: 徐永清
  • 基金资助:
    云南省科技人才与平台计划(202505AJ310046)

Absorbable screws combined with quadratus femoris muscle pedicle bone flap transplantation in treatment of femur head necrosis

Yaolin Zhang1,2, Xingbo Cai1, Teng Wang1, Xi Yang1, Chaobo Li1, Liming Lyu1, Yongqing Xu1,()   

  1. 1 The 920th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Kunming 650032, China
    2 Department of Trauma Surgery, Honghe Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Mengzi 661199, China
  • Received:2025-04-17 Published:2026-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Yongqing Xu
引用本文:

张耀林, 蔡兴博, 王腾, 杨曦, 李朝波, 吕黎明, 徐永清. 应用可吸收螺钉联合股方肌骨瓣移植术治疗股骨头坏死[J/OL]. 中华关节外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 275-282.

Yaolin Zhang, Xingbo Cai, Teng Wang, Xi Yang, Chaobo Li, Liming Lyu, Yongqing Xu. Absorbable screws combined with quadratus femoris muscle pedicle bone flap transplantation in treatment of femur head necrosis[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Joint Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(03): 275-282.

目的

观察可吸收螺钉联合股方肌骨瓣移植术在股骨头坏死(ONFH)中临床效果,分析其临床应用价值。

方法

采用回顾性分析2019年1月至2024年1月在解放军联勤保障部队第920医院骨科收治的54例ONFH患者的临床资料。纳入标准为符合国际骨循环研究学会(ARCO)骨坏死分期Ⅱ期或ⅢA期,年龄16~55岁;排除既往患髋手术史、合并重度骨质疏松或严重感染等。治疗组(n=20)采取可吸收螺钉联合股方肌骨瓣移植术,对照组(n=34)采取传统骨瓣植入无内固定处理。观察比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后18个月股骨头恢复率及复髋质量等指标。股骨头恢复率评估基于X线和CT影像学表现,包括骨折愈合线消失,无股骨头塌陷或进一步坏死,负重区骨小梁连续。术后1、3、6、12、18个月及末次随访时影像学评估骨骼恢复情况、股骨头恢复率、股骨头坏死率、Harris髋关节功能评分。计量资料以

±s描述,组间比较采用两独立样本t检验;计数资料以例(%)表示,采用卡方检验。

结果

治疗组手术时间(1.42±0.21)h长于对照组的(0.81±0.15)h,术中出血量(95.70±10.20)ml多于对照组(75.40±8.60)ml(t=13.251, 8.076,P<0.001)。治疗组股骨头恢复率80.0%高于对照组的52.9%(χ2=3.954,P<0.05),股骨头坏死率低于对照组(5.0% vs 29.4%,χ2=4.626,P<0.05);治疗组复髋质量Harris评分优良率高于对照组(85.0% vs 58.8%,χ2=4.105,P=0.043)。术后6个月数字减影血管造影显示治疗组骨内微循环重建率较对照组提升(72.5% vs 43.9%,χ2=4.378,P<0.05)。治疗组Harris髋关节功能评分恢复总优良率较高,显著高于对照组(χ2=4.105,P=0.043)。

结论

可吸收螺钉联合股方肌骨瓣移植术治疗ONFH,虽增加了手术时间及出血量,但可明显改善股骨头血供及复髋质量,临床效果满意。

Objective

To investigate the clinical efficacy of absorbable screws combined with quadratus femoris muscle pedicle bone flap transplantation in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH).

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed on 54 patients with ONFH. The patients with ARCO stage Ⅱ or ⅢA, and aged from 16 to 55 years were included. The patients with surgery history at involved side hip, severe osteoporosis or infections were excluded. The treatment group (n=20) underwent absorbable screw fixation combined with quadratus femoris bone flap transplantation; the control group (n=34) received traditional bone flap implantation. Continuous variables were described as

±s and compared using t test; categorical variables using chi square test.

Results

The treatment group presented longer operative time (1.42±0.21) h and more blood loss (95.70±10.20) ml than the control group (75.40±8.60) ml (t=13.251, 8.076, both P<0.001). Femoral head recovery rate was 80.0% in the treatment group which was higher than 52.9% in the control group (χ2=3.954, P<0.05). Necrosis rate was 5.0% in the treatment group which was lower than 29.4% in the control group (χ2=4.626, P<0.05). Harris excellent-good rate was 85.0% in the treatment group which was higher than 58.8% in the control group (χ2=4.105, P<0.05). Digital subtraction angiography showed higher microcirculation reconstruction rate in the treatment group than the control group (72.5% vs 43.9%) (χ2=4.378, P<0.05 ). The overall Harris hip function recovery rate was also higher in the treatment group (χ2=4.105, P<0.05).

Conclusion

This combined technique is effective for ONFH, yielding satisfactory improvement in femoral head blood supply and hip function.

表1 两组患者术前一般资料
Table 1 General data of the two groups before surgery
表2 两组术中指标比较(
±s
Table 2 Comparison of intraoperative indicators between the two groups
表3 两组术后股骨头恢复与坏死情况比较[n(%)]
Table 3 Comparison of postoperative femoral head recovery and necrosis rates
表4 分析两组复髋质量Harris评分[n(%)]
Table 4 Comparison of Harris hip scores between the two groups
图1 可吸收螺钉联合股方肌骨瓣移植术治疗双侧股骨头坏死前后影像。图A为术前骨盆正位X线片,图B为术前骨盆蛙式位X线片,示双侧股骨头坏死区密度改变;图C为术前左髋关节正位X线片,示左侧股骨头坏死;图D为术前右髋关节正位X线片,示右侧股骨头坏死;图E为术前骨盆MRI横断位图,示股骨头坏死;图F为术前骨盆MRI冠状位图,示股骨头坏死区信号改变;图G为术前左侧股骨头血管造影,示股骨头区血供减少;图H、I为术中置入可吸收螺钉;图J为术后3个月骨盆正位X线片,示螺钉位置良好,骨瓣在位;图K为术后3个月左髋关节蛙式位X线片,示骨愈合进展良好;图L为术后6个月左侧股骨头血管造影,示骨内微循环重建,新生血管增多;图M为术后1年左侧股骨头DSA像,示血供进一步改善;图N为术后患者疼痛得到明显缓解
Figure 1 Images of bilateral osteonecrosis of the femoral head before and after treatment with absorbable screw combined with quadratus femoris muscle pedicle bone flap transplantation. A is anteroposterior pelvic X-ray image before operation, showing bilateral femoral head necrosis; B is frog-leg lateral pelvic X-ray image before operation, showing density changes in bilateral femoral head necrotic areas; C is anteroposterior X-ray image of the left hip before operation, showing left femoral head necrosis; D is anteroposterior X-ray image of the right hip before operation, showing right femoral head necrosis; E is pelvic MRI image at axial view before operation, showing femoral head necrosis; F is pelvic MRI image at coronal view before operation, showing signal changes in femoral head necrotic areas; G is preoperative angiography image of left femoral head showing decreased blood supply to the femoral head; H and I are images showing placement of absorbable screws during surgery; J is anteroposterior pelvic X-ray image three months after operation, showing good screw position with bone flap in situ; K is frog-leg lateral pelvic X-ray image of the left hip three months after operation, showing satisfactory bone healing; L is angiography image of left femoral head six months after operation, showing intraosseous microcirculation reconstruction with increased neovascularization; M is angiography image of femoral head one after operation, showing further improvement in blood supply; N is picture of patient after operation showing significant pain relief
图2 治疗组可吸收螺钉直径随时间变化对比图
Figure 2 Changes in absorbable screw diameter over time in treatment group
图3 两组患者BMD(骨密度)随时间变化对比图。图A为腰椎L1-L4的变化;图B为股骨颈的变化 注:* -与同组术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)
Figure 3 Changes in BMD (bone mineral density) over time in two groups. A is change curve of lumbar spine L1-L4; B is change curve of femoral neck Note: *-the difference is statistically significant compared with preoperative baseline in the same group (P<0.05)
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