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中华关节外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (01) : 92 -105. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-134X.2024.01.013

荟萃分析

股骨颈动力交叉钉系统与其它内固定治疗股骨颈骨折对比
欧梁1, 齐麒2, 胡伟伟2, 卢敏3, 黄彦昌2, 黄维琛2, 匡建军4,()   
  1. 1. 410006 长沙,湖南省中医药研究院;410208 长沙,湖南中医药大学
    2. 550003 贵阳,贵州中医药大学第二附属医院骨科
    3. 410208 长沙,湖南中医药大学
    4. 410006 长沙,湖南省中医药研究院
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-26 出版日期:2024-02-01
  • 通信作者: 匡建军
  • 基金资助:
    长沙市科技局科技创新平台项目(kh2201063)

Comparison of femoral neck system and other internal fixations in treatment of femoral neck fracture

Liang Ou1, Qi Qi2, Weiwei Hu2, Min Lu3, Yanchang Huang2, Weichen Huang2, Jianjun Kuang4,()   

  1. 1. Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410006, China; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
    2. Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550003, China
    3. Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
    4. Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410006, China
  • Received:2022-12-26 Published:2024-02-01
  • Corresponding author: Jianjun Kuang
引用本文:

欧梁, 齐麒, 胡伟伟, 卢敏, 黄彦昌, 黄维琛, 匡建军. 股骨颈动力交叉钉系统与其它内固定治疗股骨颈骨折对比[J]. 中华关节外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(01): 92-105.

Liang Ou, Qi Qi, Weiwei Hu, Min Lu, Yanchang Huang, Weichen Huang, Jianjun Kuang. Comparison of femoral neck system and other internal fixations in treatment of femoral neck fracture[J]. Chinese Journal of Joint Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(01): 92-105.

目的

系统评价股骨颈动力交叉钉系统(FNS)对比空心加压螺钉(CCS)和动力髋螺钉(DHS)治疗股骨颈骨折的临床疗效。

方法

检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献、PubMed、荷兰医学文摘(Embase)、Cochrane循证医学图书馆(Cochrane Library)数据库中有关FNS对比CCS或DHS治疗股骨颈骨折的临床研究,纳入的研究类型包括随机对照研究、队列研究、病例对照研究,其中研究对象为≥18岁的新鲜股骨颈骨折患者;排除计算机辅助下置钉或者生物力学相关的研究;检索时限从建库至2022年8月10日。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评估研究质量后,应用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。

结果

纳入25项高质量队列研究,共1 884例患者。Meta分析结果显示,与CCS相比,FNS骨折愈合时间更短[标准化均数差(SMD)=-0.68,95%置信区间(CI)(-1.00,-0.36),P<0.0001]、Harris评分更高[均数差(MD)=2.46,95%CI(1.14,3.78),P=0.0003]、透视次数更少[MD=-10.61,95%CI(-12.64,-8.58),P<0.0001]、发生股骨颈短缩[MD=-2.23,95%CI(-3.66,-0.99),P=0.0007]、股骨头坏死[比值比(OR)=0.54,95%CI(0.31,0.96),P=0.04]、螺钉切出[OR=0.33,95%CI(0.17,0.67),P=0.002]、退钉[OR=033,95%CI(0.17,0.62),P=0.0007]的风险更低,而出血量增加[SMD=0.90,95%CI(0.51,1.28),P<0.0001],两组手术时间、VAS评分、骨折不愈合发生率的差异无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。与DHS相比,FNS具有更少的手术时间[MD=-23.72,95%CI(-30.21,-17.22),P<0.0001]、透视次数[MD=-10.33,95%CI(-11.71,-8.95),P<0.0001]和出血量[SMD=-0.51,95%CI(-0.90,-0.12),P<0.01],两组Harris评分、股骨颈短缩、骨折不愈合、螺钉切出、退钉发生率差异无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。

结论

FNS治疗股骨颈骨折在骨折愈合时间、Harris评分、透视次数、以及股骨颈短缩、股骨头坏死、螺钉切出、退钉发生率方面优于CCS,而比较FNS和DHS的研究数量太少,需要更多高质量研究才能得出较明确的结论。

Objective

To systematically evaluate clinical efficacy of femoral neck system (FNS) compared with cannulated compression screw (CCS) and dynamic hip screw (DHS) in the treatment of femoral neck fracture.

Methods

Clinical studies using FNS versus CCS or DHS in the treatment of femoral neck fractures were searched fromChina National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Wanfang database, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), Chinese Biomedical Literature, PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database(Embase) and Cochrane Library. The enrolled studies included randomized controlled trials, cohort, and case-control studies, in which the participants were fresh femoral neck fracture patients over 18 years old; the studies related to computer assisted nail placement or biomechanics were excluded. The search period was from the establishment of the database to August 10, 2022. After literature screening, data extraction and study quality assessment by two researchers, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.

Results

A total of 1 884 patients were enrolled in 25 high-quality cohort studies. This meta-analysis revealed that compared with CCS, FNS fixation had shorter fracture healing time [standardized mean difference (SMD)=-0.68, 95% confidence interval (CI)(-1.00, -0.36), P<0.0001], better Harris score [mean difference (MD)=2.46, 95%CI(1.14, 3.78), P=0.0003], fewer fluoroscopies [MD=-10.61, 95%CI(-12.64, -8.58), P<0.0001], lesser femoral neck shortening [MD=-2.23, 95%CI(-3.66, -0.99), P=0.0007], lower number of femoral head necrosis [odds ratio (OR)=0.54, 95%CI(0.31, 0.96), P=0.04), lower number of screw cutout [OR=0.33, 95%CI(0.17, 0.67), P=0.002), and lesser extent of nail retreat [OR=033, 95%CI(0.17, 0.62), P=0.0007], but more blood loss [SMD=0.90, 95%CI(0.51, 1.28), P<0.0001], and there was no statistically difference in terms of operation time, VAS score and incidence of nonunion (allP>0.05). Meanwhile, compared with DHS, FNS had lesser operative time [MD=-23.72, 95%CI(-30.21, -17.22), P<0.0001], fewer fluoroscopies [MD=-10.33, 95%CI(-11.71, -8.95), P<0.0001], and lesser blood loss [SMD=-0.51, 95%CI(-0.90, -0.12), P<0.01], and there is no significant differences in Harris score, femoral neck shortening, nonunion, screw cutout and nail retreat (all P>0.05).

Conclusions

FNS is superior to CCS in the treatment of femoral neck fractures in terms of fracture healing time, Harris score, fluoroscopy, and incidence of femoral neck shortening, femoral head necrosis, screw cutout and nail retreat. However, limited by the small number of studies comparing FNS with DHS, more high-quality studies are needed to obtain more definite conclusions.

图1 PRISMA(系统综述和Meta分析首选报告项目)文献筛选流程图
Figure 1 PRISMA flow diagram of literature search
表1 Newcastle-Ottawa量表评分
Table 1 Newcastle-Ottawa scale score
表2 纳入研究的基本特征
Table 2 General characteristics of the enrolled studies
第一作者,年份Author, year 年龄(岁)Age (years) 样本量[FNS/CCS(DHS)]Sample size 性别(男/女)Gender (male/female)
FNS CCS/(DHS) FNS CCS/(DHS)
姜志圣[6],2022 50.41±8.63 50.85±9.12 50/50 23/27 24/26
吴乃天[7],2022 48.58±11.42 50.92±9.23 26/26 12/14 10/16
朱轶[8],2022 52.5±7.18 52.88±8.49 15/32 9/6 15/17
常廷杰[9],2022 48.2±12.0 48.2±12.3 29/29 14/15 14/15
葛双雷[10],2022 44.7±9.25 45.9±9.25 44/35 35/9 29/6
赵耀[11],2022 46.64±16.32 48.90±12.38 11/20 7/4 9/11
高培栗[12],2022 53.1±11.5 51.6±11.0 21/24 12/9 11/13
何昌军[13],2022 48.7±8.3 50.2±8.1 36/40 21/15 24/16
王磊[14],2022 41.23±3.87 42.02±5.20 16/8 10/4 6/4
张彬[15],2022 51.8±12.5 50.4±12.0 31/34 14/17 16/18
熊巍[16],2021 54.0±13.0 53.2±11.3 62/57 38/24 42/15
杨家赵(1)[17],2021 51(45,56) 49(39,51) 28/31 17/11 17/14
任程[18],2021 49.4±11.0 48.8±10.1 32/38 16/16 19/19
严才平[19],2021 52(47,63) 49(47,56) 24/58 10/14 38/20
杨家赵(2)[20],2021 47.8±9.8 43.7±13.1 47/47 30/17 26/21
杨亚军[21],2021 42±11.25 41.2±10.25 15/19 9/6 12/7
Zhou[22],2021 54.53±6.71 53.14±7.19 30/30 12/18 12/18
Hu[23],2021 50.45±8.45 50.46±9.26 20/24 12/8 14/10
Vazquez[24],2021 86.1±4.6 CCS:85±6.6
DHS:83.4±7.3
15/32 2/13 CCS:4/28
DHS:6/10
Tang[25],2021 57.4±15.0 54.8±11.7 47/45 34/13 37/8
He[26],2021 50.61±10.30 47.58±10.31 33/36 18/15 22/14
Zhang[27],2021 57.61±11.87 52.50±10.72 33/36 22/11 21/15
Schuetze[28],2022 70.6±14.9 68.5±15.1 113/108 54/59 54/54
Niemann[29],2022 66.5±10.98 60.47±17 12/19 6/6 10/9
Xu[30],2022 60.7±15.2 CCS:61.6±16.4
DHS:63.1±13.2
54/103 18/36 CCS:17/34
DHS:14/38
第一作者,年份Author, year 对照组Control 骨折类型Fracture type 随访(月)Follow-up (months) 结局指标Outcomes NOS评分NOS score
姜志圣[6],2022 CCS Garden Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ Pauwels Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ 12 ①②③⑤⑦⑧(ABC) 8
吴乃天[7],2022 CCS Garden Ⅱ/Ⅲ 12 ①②③⑤⑥⑦⑧(B) 8
朱轶[8],2022 CCS Garden Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ 6 ①②③⑤⑥⑧(D) 7
常廷杰[9],2022 CCS Garden Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ Pauwels Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ 12 ③⑧(ABCD) 8
葛双雷[10],2022 CCS Pauwels Ⅱ 3 ①②③④⑤⑦⑧(BC) 7
赵耀[11],2022 CCS Garden Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ 6~16 ①②③④⑤⑦⑧(ABD) 8
高培栗[12],2022 CCS Garden Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ Pauwels Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ 6~29 ①②③⑤⑦⑧(ABD) 8
何昌军[13],2022 CCS Garden Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ Pauwels Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ 15.2±1.7 ①②③⑤⑦⑧(AD) 8
王磊[14],2022 CCS Garden Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ 6~20 ④⑤ 8
张彬[15],2022 CCS Garden Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ 9.7±3.5 ①②③⑤⑥⑦⑧(AD) 8
熊巍[16],2021 CCS Garden Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ 15.1±1.6 ①②③④⑤⑦⑧(ABCD) 8
杨家赵(1)[17],2021 CCS Garden Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ Pauwels Ⅲ 9.1±2.7 ①②⑤⑦⑧(BCD) 8
任程[18],2021 CCS Garden Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ 7~17 ①②③⑤⑦⑧(ABD) 8
严才平[19],2021 CCS Garden Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ Pauwels Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ 6~18 ①②③⑤⑥⑦⑧(AB) 8
杨家赵(2)[20],2021 CCS Garden Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ 11.1±3.3 ①②⑦⑧(BC) 8
杨亚军[21],2021 CCS Garden Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ 6 ①②③④⑤⑦⑧(BCD) 7
Zhou[22],2021 CCS Pauwels Ⅲ 10~22 ②③⑤⑥⑧(ABD) 8
Hu[23],2021 CCS Garden Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ Pauwels Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ 12 ①②③⑤⑦⑧(ABC) 8
Vazquez[24],2021 CCS/DHS Garden Ⅰ/Ⅱ 6 ③⑦ 9
Tang[25],2021 CCS Garden Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ Pauwels Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ 14~24 ①②③④⑤⑧(ABC) 8
He[26],2021 CCS Garden Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ 12~24 ①②③④⑦⑧(A) 8
Zhang[27],2021 CCS Garden Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ 6 ②③④⑤⑦ 8
Schuetze[28],2022 DHS Pauwels Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ Garden Ⅰ-Ⅳ 13 ③⑦⑧(D) 8
Niemann[29],2022 DHS Pauwels Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ Garden Ⅰ-Ⅳ 12 8
Xu[30],2022 CCS/DHS Pauwels Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ Garden Ⅰ-Ⅳ 11~16 ②③④⑤⑦⑧(ACD) 8
图2 两组术后骨折愈合时间森林图
Figure 2 Forest plot of the postoperative fracture healing time of the two groups
图3 两组术后髋关节功能评分森林图
Figure 3 Forest plot of the postoperative hip function score of two groups
图4 两组手术时间森林图
Figure 4 Forest plot of operation time of two groups
图5 两组术中透视次数森林图
Figure 5 Forest plot of the X-ray perspective frequency in two groups
图6 两组出血量森林图
Figure 6 Forest plot of the blood loss intwo groups
图7 两组术后视觉模拟评分比较的森林图
Figure 7 Forest plot of the postoperative VAS score of two groups
图8 两组术后股骨颈短缩森林图(连续性变量)
Figure 8 Forest plot of the postoperative femoral neck shorteningof two groups (continuous variable)
图9 两组术后股骨颈短缩森林图(二分类变量)
Figure 9 Forest plot of the postoperative femoral neck shorteningof two groups (dichotomous variable)
图10 两组术后骨折不愈合森林图
Figure 10 Forest plot of postoperative nonunionof two groups
图11 两组术后股骨头坏死森林图
Figure 11 Forest plot of postoperative femoral head necrosis in two groups
图12 两组术后螺钉切出的森林图
Figure 12 Forest plot of the screw cutting in two groups
图13 两组术后退钉的森林图
Figure 13 Forest plot of the screw withdrawal in two groups
表3 敏感性分析结果
Table 3 Results of sensitivity analysis
图14 发表偏倚分析漏斗图。图A为骨折愈合时间;图B为髋关节功能评分
Figure 14 Funnel plot of publication bias analysis. A is the fracture healing time; B is the fracture healing time
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