骨关节炎(OA)是一种以软骨退行性变为主的疾病。该病常见于老年患者，病程末期可致严重的关节畸形，给患者的心理和生理带来极大的痛苦。胫骨高位截骨术(HTO)作为治疗内侧单间室膝关节骨关节炎(KOA)的一种安全、可靠的手术方式已被广大医生及患者接受，特别是年轻患者的接受度更高。该技术的主要目的是改变下肢畸形力线，以延缓或解除膝内侧间室骨关节炎的退行性改变。HTO一直被认为具有技术简单、手术创伤小、畸形矫正精确、术后恢复快等优点。多年来，随着手术技术的不断创新、内固定的不断改良，手术的适应证变得更为广泛。目前普遍认为HTO是一种比较理想的手术方式，长期临床效果良好。本文对近年来胫骨高位截骨术治疗内侧单间室骨关节炎的术前选择、手术方式、并发症以及生存率等方面进行综述。

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of cartilage.The disease is common in the elderly patients, the final stage of the disease leads to severe joint deformity, as well as to the patient′s psychological and physical pain.High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a safe and reliable surgical method for the treatment of medial single-compartment knee osteoarthritis (KOA), which has been widely accepted by doctors and patients, especially young patients. The main objective of this technique is to alter the deformity line of the lower limb in order to delay or relieve the degenerative changes of medial single-compartment KOA. HTO has been considered to have the advantages of simple technique, less surgical trauma, accurate deformity correction and fast postoperative recovery. Over the years, with the continuous innovation of surgical techniques and improvement of internal fixation, surgical indications have become more extensive. Currently, HTO is generally considered to be an ideal surgical method with good long-term clinical results. This article reviewed the preoperative selection, surgical methods, complications and survival rate of high tibial osteotomy for the treatment of medial single-compartment knee osteoarthritis in recent years.