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中华关节外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (03) : 302 -308. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-134X.2025.03.006

临床论著

健康行为过程取向预康复在机器人辅助膝关节置换的应用
徐晓燕1, 石健2, 白燕2, 杜棣2, 徐兰2, 余倩娇4, 张锐3, 徐永清2, 浦路桥2,()   
  1. 1650032 昆明,解放军联勤保障部队第九二〇医院护理部
    2650032 昆明,解放军联勤保障部队第九二〇医院骨科
    3650032 昆明,解放军联勤保障部队第九二〇医院卫生经济科
    4671013 大理大学护理学院
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-20 出版日期:2025-06-01
  • 通信作者: 浦路桥
  • 基金资助:
    云南省创伤骨科临床医学中心(第二周期)

Application of health action process approach-based prehabilitation in robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty

Xiaoyan Xu1, Jian Shi2, Yan Bai2, Di Du2, Lan Xu2, Qianjiao Yu4, Rui Zhang3, Yongqing Xu2, Luqiao Pu2,()   

  1. 1Department of Nursing, 920th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Kunming 650032, China
    2Department of Orthopedics, 920th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Kunming 650032, China
    3Department of Health Economics, 920th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Kunming 650032, China
    4School of Nursing, Dali University, Dali 671013, China
  • Received:2024-12-20 Published:2025-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Luqiao Pu
引用本文:

徐晓燕, 石健, 白燕, 杜棣, 徐兰, 余倩娇, 张锐, 徐永清, 浦路桥. 健康行为过程取向预康复在机器人辅助膝关节置换的应用[J/OL]. 中华关节外科杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(03): 302-308.

Xiaoyan Xu, Jian Shi, Yan Bai, Di Du, Lan Xu, Qianjiao Yu, Rui Zhang, Yongqing Xu, Luqiao Pu. Application of health action process approach-based prehabilitation in robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Joint Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(03): 302-308.

目的

探讨基于健康行为过程取向(HAPA)的预康复在机器人辅助全膝关节置换术(rTKA)中的早期康复效果。

方法

选取2021年8月至2024年3月联勤保障部队第九二〇医院接受rTKA患者74例。纳入标准:符合终末期膝骨关节炎诊断标准经沟通同意接受rTKA、膝关节屈曲挛缩畸形<15°、无全身或局部感染性疾病、患者本人或陪伴家属会使用手机微信;排除标准:膝关节翻修、膝关节周围合并有神经系统性疾病、合并有严重的慢性病患者。经随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各37例。对照组实施常规术前康复训练,观察组在常规术前康复训练的基础上,增加基于HAPA的预康复干预。通过t检验、重复方差分析比较两组患者术前、术后1、3个月的膝关节关节活动度(ROM)、股四头肌肌力、平衡能力及术前、术后3个月的膝关节协会评分(KSS)膝评分、KSS功能评分及血红蛋白下降量。

结果

重复测量方差分析结果显示,两组ROM、股四头肌肌力评分、平衡能力评分的组间、时间及交互效应均具有统计学意义(组间效应F=9.045、6.088、4.255,时间效应F=319.597、164.419、114.488,交互效应F=4.712、7.065、4.434,均为P<0.05),简单效应分析显示,术后1、3个月,观察组的ROM、股四头肌肌力评分、平衡能力评分均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组血红蛋白下降量与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.538,P>0.05)。术后3个月观察组的KSS膝评分、KSS功能评分与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.320,0.262,均为P>0.05)。

结论

基于HAPA的预康复能够改善rTKA患者的关节活动度、提高膝关节周围核心肌群的肌力及平衡能力,有助于患者的早期康复。

Objective

To explore the early rehabilitation effects of the health action process approach (HAPA)-based prehabilitation in robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty (rTKA).

Methods

A total of 74 patients undergoing revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) at the 920th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force between August 2021 and March 2024 were enrolled. Inclusion criteria: meeting the diagnostic criteria for end-stage knee osteoarthritis and providing informed consent for rTKA; knee flexion contracture< 15°; absence of systemic or local infectious diseases; and the ability of the patient or accompanying family member to use WeChat on a mobile phone. Exclusion criteria: knee revision surgery; presence of neurological disorders affecting the knee joint; and severe chronic comorbidities. Patients were randomly assigned to either the control group or the intervention group (37 cases per group) by random number table. The control group received routine preoperative rehabilitation training, while the observation group received additional HAPA-based prehabilitation interventions alongside routine preoperative rehabilitation. Independent samples t tests and repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) were employed to compare knee range of motion (ROM), quadriceps muscle strength, and balance ability assessed before operation, one and three months after operation. Additionally, the Knee Society score (KSS) knee score, KSS function score, and hemoglobin decline were compared between the groups before operation and three months after operation.

Results

Repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant between-group, time, and interaction effects for ROM, quadriceps strength, and balance ability (inter-group effect: F=9.045, 6.088, 4.255, time effect: F=319.597, 164.419, 114.488, interaction effect: F=4.712, 7.065, 4.434, all P<0.05). Simple effect analysis demonstrated superior ROM, quadriceps strength, and balance ability in the intervention group at one and three months postoperatively (P<0.05). No significant inter-group differences were observed in hemoglobin decline (t=0.538, P>0.05) or KSS knee and function scores at three months (t=0.320, 0.262, both P>0.05).

Conclusion

HAPA-based prehabilitation can effectively improve joint mobility, enhance core muscle strength around the knee, and promote balance recovery in rTKA patients, facilitating early postoperative rehabilitation.

表1 两组患者一般资料比较
Table 1 Comparison of general information of patients in two groups
表2 两组膝关节ROM比较[°,(±s)]
Table 2 Comparison of knee ROM between the two groups
表3 两组股四头肌肌力评分比较[分,(±s)]
Table 3 Comparison of quadriceps muscle strength scores between the two groups
表4 两组患者平衡能力评分比较[分,(±s)]
Table 4 Comparison of balance ability between the two groups
表5 两组患者血红蛋白下降量、KSS膝评分、KSS功能评分比较(±s
Table 5 Comparison of haemoglobin decline, KSS knee and function scores between the two groups
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