Emerging therapeutic targets based on phenotypic transformation of osteoarthritic chondrocytes

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-134X.2024.03.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the major diseases that cause joint pain and dysfunction.The pathological changes of OA mainly focus on apoptosis and dysfunction of chondrocytes. Autophagy and apoptosis are important mechanisms for maintaining homeostasis of chondrocytes and play a crucial role in OA. Oxidative stress plays an important role in regulating apoptosis and autophagy of OA chondrocytes. In OA, Aging of chondrocytes can lead to degeneration of articular cartilage. Due to metabolic imbalance and abnormal chondrocyte function, the chondrocyte phenotype transitions from a stable state to a hypertrophic state. This transition is accompanied by an increase in matrix metalloproteinase levels, ultimately resulting in permanent damage to chondrocytes. With the progression of OA, the chondrocyte phenotype will also change accordingly, and cells with different phenotypes will have significant differences in morphology and function. OA is a heterogeneous joint disorder, and there is still a lack of drugs with clinical translational value. This paper summarized the new progress in chondrocyte phenotype transformation and related therapeutic targets in the pathogenesis of OA in recent years, which may provide novel strategies for regulating chondrocyte phenotype transition and more effectively treating OA in the future.

Key words: Osteoarthritis, Phenotype, Apoptosis, Autophagy, Senescence

Gang Zhang, Yong Qin, Chao Huang, Zhen Xue, Songcen Lyu. Emerging therapeutic targets based on phenotypic transformation of osteoarthritic chondrocytes[J]. Chinese Journal of Joint Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(03): 352-362.

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References 95

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