Visualized analysis on progress of articular cartilage injury repairment

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-134X.2021.04.010

Abstract

Abstract:

Articular cartilage injury is one of the most common diseases, which appears independently or combined with degeneration of osteoarthritis, leaving heavy burden to individual, family even the whole society. So far there are still lack of effective treatments. Studies were sourced from the Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wan Fang databases. Visualizing Scientific Landscapes (VOS viewer) software was used to conduct co-occurrence analysis. Studies could be divided into four clusters: surgical repairments, tissue engineering cartilage repairments, fundamental experiment studies and studies related with cartilage injury. The latest progress happened in four clusters were concluded. Hoping with the helps by using bibliometric methodology can this review figure out the research state and trend in the future.

Key words: Cartilage, articular, Wounds and injuries, Wound healing, Data visualization

Bin Wang, Xiaochun Wei. Visualized analysis on progress of articular cartilage injury repairment[J]. Chinese Journal of Joint Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2021, 15(04): 458-469.

/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://zhgjwkzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-134X.2021.04.010

https://zhgjwkzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/Y2021/V15/I04/458

Figures/Tables 7

References 121

[1]	Liu Y, Zhou G, Cao Y. Recent progress in cartilage tissue engineering-our experience and future directions[J]. Engineering, 2017, 3(1): 28-35.
[2]	Hunziker EB, Lippuner K, Keel MJ, et al. An educational review of cartilage repair: precepts & practice--myths & misconceptions--progress & prospects[J]. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2015, 23(3): 334-350.
[3]	Cross M, Smith E, Hoy D, et al. The global burden of hip and knee osteoarthritis: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study[J]. Ann Rheum Dis, 2014, 73(7): 1323-1330.
[4]	卫小春．关节软骨[M]．北京：科学出版社，2007.
[5]	Wang B, Xing D, Zhu Y, et al. The state of exosomes research: a global visualized analysis[J/OL]. Biomed Res Int, 2019, (3): 1495130. doi: 10.1155/2019/1495130.
[6]	Synnestvedt MB, Chen C, Holmes JH. CiteSpace II: visualization and knowledge discovery in bibliographic databases[J]. AMIA Annu Symp Proc, 2005: 724-728.
[7]	Pu QH, Qj L, Su HY. Bibliometric analysis of scientific publications in transplantation journals from Mainland China, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan between 2006 and 2015[J/OL]. BMJ Open, 2016, 6(8): e011623. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011623.
[8]	Gao L, Orth P, Cucchiarini M, et al. Autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis: a systematic review of the clinical evidence[J]. Am J Sports Med, 2019, 47(1): 222-231.
[9]	Arzi B, Duraine GD, Lee CA, et al. Cartilage immunoprivilege depends on donor source and lesion location[J]. Acta Biomater, 2015, (23): 72-81.
[10]	Cook JL, Stannard JP, Stoker AM, et al. Importance of donor chondrocyte viability for osteochondral allografts[J]. Am J Sports Med, 2016, 44(5): 1260-1268.
[11]	Richter DL, Schenck RC, Wascher DC, et al. Knee articular cartilage repair and restoration techniques: a review of the literature[J]. Sports Health, 2016, 8(2): 153-160.
[12]	Levy YD, Görtz S, Pulido PA, et al. Do fresh osteochondral allografts successfully treat femoral condyle lesions？[J]. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 2013, 471(1): 231-237.
[13]	Hinckel BB, Gomoll AH, Farr J2. Cartilage restoration in the patellofemoral joint[J]. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ), 2017, 46(5): 217-222.
[14]	Kreuz PC, Erggelet C, Steinwachs MR, et al. Is microfracture of chondral defects in the knee associated with different results in patients aged 40 years or younger？[J]. Arthroscopy, 2006, 22(11): 1180-1186.
[15]	Kwon H, Brown WE, Lee CA, et al. Surgical and tissue engineering strategies for articular cartilage and meniscus repair[J]. Nat Rev Rheumatol, 2019, 15(9): 550-570.
[16]	Solheim E, Hegna J, Strand T, et al. Randomized study of long-term (15-17 years) outcome after microfracture versus mosaicplasty in knee articular cartilage defects[J]. Am J Sports Med, 2018, 46(4): 826-831.
[17]	Albright JC, Daoud AK. Microfracture and microfracture plus[J]. Clin Sports Med, 2017, 36(3): 501-507.
[18]	焦强，卫小春．自体软骨细胞移植修复关节软骨缺损[J]．中华骨科杂志，2004，24(3)：184-186.
[19]	Dunkin BS, Lattermann C. New and emerging techniques in cartilage repair: MACI[J]. Oper Tech Sports Med, 2013, 21(2): 100-107.
[20]	Ebert JR, Fallon M, Wood DJ, et al. A prospective clinical and radiological evaluation at 5 years after arthroscopic matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation[J]. Am J Sports Med, 2017, 45(1): 59-69.
[21]	王庆，黄华扬，张涛，等．基质诱导自体软骨细胞移植修复膝关节软骨损伤的早期疗效[J]．中华骨科杂志，2016，36(1)：28-34.
[22]	李梦远，马元琛，陈宏，等．自体软骨细胞结合Ⅰ型胶原蛋白支架治疗膝关节软骨缺损的近期疗效[J]．中华骨科杂志，2015，35(9)：906-913.
[23]	Duarte CD, Drescher W, Rath B, et al. Supporting biomaterials for articular cartilage repair[J]. Cartilage, 2012, 3(3): 205-221.
[24]	Huey DJ, Hu JC, Athanasiou KA. Unlike bone, cartilage regeneration remains elusive[J]. Science, 2012, 338(619): 917-921.
[25]	Kock L. Van donkelaar C C，Ito K．tissue engineering of functional articular cartilage：the current status[J]. Cell Tissue Res, 2012, 347(3): 613-627.
[26]	Oda T, Sakai T, Hiraiwa H, et al. Osteoarthritis-derived chondrocytes are a potential source of multipotent progenitor cells for cartilage tissue engineering[J]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2016, 479(3): 469-475.
[27]	Huwe LW, Brown WE, Hu JC, et al. Characterization of costal cartilage and its suitability as a cell source for articular cartilage tissue engineering[J]. J Tissue Eng Regen Med, 2018, 12(5): 1163-1176.
[28]	Pelttari K, Pippenger B, Mumme M, et al. Adult human neural crest-derived cells for articular cartilage repair[J/OL]. Sci Transl Med, 2014, 6(251): 251ra119. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3009688.
[29]	Caminal M, Peris D, Fonseca C, et al. Cartilage resurfacing potential of PLGA scaffolds loaded with autologous cells from cartilage, fat, and bone marrow in an ovine model of osteochondral focal defect[J]. Cytotechnology, 2016, 68(4): 907-919.
[30]	Castro-Viñuelas R, Sanjurjo-Rodríguez C, Piñeiro-Ramil M, et al. Induced pluripotent stem cells for cartilage repair: current status and future perspectives[J]. Eur Cell Mater, 2018, 36: 96-109.
[31]	Mikos AG, Herring SW, Ochareon P, et al. Engineering complex tissues[J]. Tissue Eng, 2006, 12(12): 3307-3339.
[32]	Zhao G, Yin S, Liu G, et al. In vitro engineering of fibrocartilage using CDMP1 induced dermal fibroblasts and polyglycolide[J]. Biomaterials, 2009, 30(19): 3241-3250.
[33]	Darling EM, Athanasiou KA. Rapid phenotypic changes in passaged articular chondrocyte subpopulations[J]. J Orthop Res, 2005, 23(2): 425-432.
[34]	Murphy MK, Huey DJ, Hu JC, et al. TGF-β1, GDF-5, and BMP-2 stimulation induces chondrogenesis in expanded human articular chondrocytes and marrow-derived stromal cells[J]. Stem Cells, 2015, 33(3): 762-773.
[35]	Kwon H, Haudenschild AK, Brown WE, et al. Tissue engineering potential of human dermis-isolated adult stem cells from multiple anatomical locations[J/OL]. PLoS One, 2017, 12(8): e0182531. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182531.
[36]	Fu WL, Zhou CY, Yu JK. A new source of mesenchymal stem cells for articular cartilage repair: MSCs derived from mobilized peripheral blood share similar biological characteristics in vitro and chondrogenesis in vivo as MSCs from bone marrow in a rabbit model[J]. Am J Sports Med, 2014, 42(3): 592-601.
[37]	Jiang Y, Cai Y, Zhang W, et al. Human Cartilage-Derived progenitor cells from committed chondrocytes for efficient cartilage repair and regeneration[J]. Stem Cells Transl Med, 2016, 5(6): 733-744.
[38]	郭旗，李春宝，申学振，等. 小肠黏膜下层修复骨关节损伤的研究进展[J]. 中国骨伤，2016，29(5)：482-486.
[39]	Rowland CR, Colucci LA, Guilak F. Fabrication of anatomically-shaped cartilage constructs using decellularized cartilage-derived matrix scaffolds[J]. Biomaterials, 2016, 91: 57-72.
[40]	Bhattacharjee M, Coburn J, Centola M, et al. Tissue engineering strategies to study cartilage development, degeneration and regeneration[J]. Adv Drug Deliv Rev, 2015, 84: 107-122.
[41]	Spiller KL, Maher SA, Lowman AM. Hydrogels for the repair of articular cartilage defects[J]. Tissue Eng Part B Rev, 2011, 17(4): 281-299.
[42]	Abbadessa A, Blokzijl MM, Mouser VH, et al. A thermo-responsive and photo-polymerizable chondroitin sulfate-based hydrogel for 3D printing applications[J]. Carbohydr Polym, 2016, 149: 163-174.
[43]	Mellati A, Fan CM, Tamayol A, et al. Microengineered 3D cell-laden thermoresponsive hydrogels for mimicking cell morphology and orientation in cartilage tissue engineering[J]. Biotechnol Bioeng, 2017, 114(1): 217-231.
[44]	Kopesky PW, Vanderploeg EJ, Sandy JS, et al. Self-assembling peptide hydrogels modulate in vitro chondrogenesis of bovine bone marrow stromal cells[J]. Tissue Eng Part A, 2010, 16(2): 465-477.
[45]	Florine EM, Miller RE, Liebesny PH, et al. Delivering heparin-binding insulin-like growth factor 1 with self-assembling peptide hydrogels[J]. Tissue Eng Part A, 2015, 21(3/4): 637-646.
[46]	Florine EM, Miller RE, Porter RM, et al. Effects of dexamethasone on mesenchymal stromal cell chondrogenesis and aggrecanase activity: comparison of agarose and Self-Assembling peptide scaffolds[J]. Cartilage, 2013, 4(1): 63-74.
[47]	Chu J, Zeng S, Gao L, et al. Poly (L-lactic acid) porous scaffold-supported alginate hydrogel with improved mechanical properties and biocompatibility[J]. Int J Artif Organs, 2016, 39(8): 435-443.
[48]	Liu M, Zeng X, Ma C, et al. Injectable hydrogels for cartilage and bone tissue engineering[J/OL]. Bone Res, 2017(5): 17014. doi: 10.1038/boneres.2017.14.
[49]	Shen S, Chen M, Guo W, et al. Three dimensional printing-based strategies for functional cartilage regeneration[J]. Tissue Eng Part B Rev, 2019, 25(3): 187-201.
[50]	Markstedt K, Mantas A, Tournier I, et al. 3D bioprinting human chondrocytes with nanocellulose-alginate bioink for cartilage tissue engineering applications[J]. Biomacromolecules, 2015, 16(5): 1489-1496.
[51]	Huang H, Zhang X, Hu X, et al. A functional biphasic biomaterial homing mesenchymal stem cells for in vivo cartilage regeneration[J]. Biomaterials, 2014, 35(36): 9608-9619.
[52]	Kon E, Filardo G, Perdisa F, et al. Clinical results of multilayered biomaterials for osteochondral regeneration[J/OL]. J Exp Orthop, 2014, 1(1): 10. doi: 10.1186/s40634-014-0010.
[53]	Athanasiou KA, Eswaramoorthy R, Hadidi P, et al. Self-organization and the self-assembling process in tissue engineering[J]. Annu Rev Biomed Eng, 2013, 15(1): 115-136.
[54]	Hu JC, Athanasiou KA. A self-assembling process in articular cartilage tissue engineering[J]. Tissue Eng, 2006, 12(4): 969-979.
[55]	Lee JK, Huwe LW, Paschos N, et al. Tension stimulation drives tissue formation in scaffold-free systems[J]. Nat Mater, 2017, 16(8): 864-873.
[56]	Elder BD, Athanasiou KA. Systematic assessment of growth factor treatment on biochemical and biomechanical properties of engineered articular cartilage constructs[J]. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2009, 17(1): 114-123.
[57]	Zhu D, Tong X, Trinh P, et al. Mimicking cartilage tissue zonal organization by engineering Tissue-Scale gradient hydrogels as 3D cell niche[J]. Tissue Eng Part A, 2018, 24(1/2): 1-10.
[58]	Steele JA, Mccullen SD, Callanan A, et al. Combinatorial scaffold morphologies for zonal articular cartilage engineering[J]. Acta Biomater, 2014, 10(5): 2065-2075.
[59]	Fortier LA, Barker JU, Strauss EJ, et al. The role of growth factors in cartilage repair[J]. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 2011, 469(10): 2706-2715.
[60]	Feng Q, Lin S, Zhang K, et al. Sulfated hyaluronic acid hydrogels with retarded degradation and enhanced growth factor retention promote hMSC chondrogenesis and articular cartilage integrity with reduced hypertrophy[J]. Acta Biomater, 2017, 53: 329-342.
[61]	Liu Q, Wang J, Chen Y, et al. Suppressing mesenchymal stem cell hypertrophy and endochondral ossification in 3D cartilage regeneration with nanofibrous poly(l-lactic acid) scaffold and matrilin-3[J]. Acta Biomater, 2018, 76: 29-38.
[62]	Johnson K, Zhu S, Tremblay MS, et al. A stem cell-based approach to cartilage repair[J]. Science, 2012, 336(682): 717-721.
[63]	Bian L, Crivello KM, Ng KW, et al. Influence of temporary chondroitinase ABC-induced glycosaminoglycan suppression on maturation of tissue-engineered cartilage[J]. Tissue Eng Part A, 2009, 15(8): 2065-2072.
[64]	Makris EA, Responte DJ, Paschos NK, et al. Developing functional musculoskeletal tissues through hypoxia and lysyl oxidase-induced collagen cross-linking[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2014, 111(45): E4832-E4841.
[65]	Drengk A, Zapf A, Stürmer EK, et al. Influence of platelet-rich plasma on chondrogenic differentiation and proliferation of chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells[J]. Cells Tissues Organs, 2009, 189(5): 317-326.
[66]	孙东东，孙明林，高丽兰．生长因子在软骨组织工程中的研究进展[J]．中华骨科杂志，2019，39(10)：645-652.
[67]	Makris EA, Hu JC, Athanasiou KA. Hypoxia-induced collagen crosslinking as a mechanism for enhancing mechanical properties of engineered articular cartilage[J]. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2013, 21(4): 634-641.
[68]	Huwe LW, Sullan GK, Hu JC, et al. Using costal chondrocytes to engineer articular cartilage with applications of passive axial compression and bioactive stimuli[J]. Tissue Eng Part A, 2018, 24(5/6): 516-526.
[69]	Meinert C, Schrobback K, Hutmacher DW, et al. A novel bioreactor system for biaxial mechanical loading enhances the properties of tissue-engineered human cartilage[J/OL]. Sci Rep, 2017, 7(1): 16997. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16523-x.
[70]	Mollon B, Kandel R, Chahal J, et al. The clinical status of cartilage tissue regeneration in humans[J]. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2013, 21(12): 1824-1833.
[71]	Gille J, Behrens P, Volpi P, et al. Outcome of autologous matrix induced chondrogenesis (AMIC) in cartilage knee surgery: data of the AMIC registry[J]. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg, 2013, 133(1): 87-93.
[72]	Marcacci M, Berruto M, Brocchetta D, et al. Articular cartilage engineering with Hyalograft C: 3-year clinical results[J]. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 2005, (435): 96-105.
[73]	Gomoll AH. Microfracture and augments[J]. J Knee Surg, 2012, 25(1): 9-15.
[74]	Huang BJ, Hu JC, Athanasiou KA. Cell-based tissue engineering strategies used in the clinical repair of articular cartilage[J]. Biomaterials, 2016, 98: 1-22.
[75]	Mccormick F, Cole BJ, Nwachukwu B, et al. Treatment of focal cartilage defects with a juvenile allogeneic 3-Dimensional articular cartilage graft[J]. Oper Tech Sports Med, 2013, 21(2): 95-99.
[76]	Park YB, Ha CW, Lee CH, et al. Cartilage regeneration in osteoarthritic patients by a composite of allogeneic umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronate hydrogel: results from a clinical trial for safety and proof-of-concept with 7 years of extended follow-up[J]. Stem Cells Transl Med, 2017, 6(2): 613-621.
[77]	Zhang J, Mujeeb A, Du YA, et al. Probing cell-matrix interactions in RGD-decorated macroporous poly (ethylene glycol) hydrogels for 3D chondrocyte culture[J/OL]. Biomedical Materials, 2015, 10(3): 035016. doi: 10.1088/1748-6041/10/3/035016.
[78]	Kelly DC, Raftery RM, Curtin CM, et al. Scaffold-Based delivery of nucleic acid therapeutics for enhanced bone and cartilage repair[J]. J Orthop Res, 2019, 37(8): 1671-1680.
[79]	Ladet SG, Tahiri K, Montembault AS, et al. Multi-membrane chitosan hydrogels as chondrocytic cell bioreactors[J]. Biomaterials, 2011, 32(23): 5354-5364.
[80]	Tang X, Fan L, Pei M, et al. Evolving concepts of chondrogenic differentiation: history, state-of-the-art and future perspectives[J]. Eur Cell Mater, 2015, (30): 12-27.
[81]	Doran PM. Cartilage tissue engineering: what have we learned in practice？[J]. Methods Mol Biol, 2015, (1340): 3-21.
[82]	Cortial D, Gouttenoire J, Rousseau CF, et al. Activation by IL-1 of bovine articular chondrocytes in culture within a 3D collagen-based scaffold. An in vitro model to address the effect of compounds with therapeutic potential in osteoarthritis[J]. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2006, 14(7): 631-640.
[83]	Ortved KF, Begum L, Mohammed HO, et al. Implantation of rAAV5-IGF-I transduced autologous chondrocytes improves cartilage repair in full-thickness defects in the equine model[J]. Mol Ther, 2015, 23(2): 363-373.
[84]	Occhetta P, Mainardi A, Votta E, et al. Hyperphysiological compression of articular cartilage induces an osteoarthritic phenotype in a cartilage-on-a-chip model[J]. Nat Biomed Eng, 2019, 3(7): 545-557.
[85]	顾晓东，车先达，李鹏翠，等．骨关节炎基因治疗的研究进展[J]．中华骨与关节外科杂志，2019，12(5)：396-400.
[86]	Segura MM, Mangion M, Gaillet B, et al. New developments in lentiviral vector design, production and purification[J]. Expert Opin Biol Ther, 2013, 13(7): 987-1011.
[87]	Ahern BJ, Parvizi J, Boston R, et al. Preclinical animal models in single site cartilage defect testing: a systematic review[J]. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2009, 17(6): 705-713.
[88]	Matsuoka M, Onodera T, Sasazawa F, et al. An articular cartilage repair model in common C57Bl/6 mice[J]. Tissue Eng Part C Methods, 2015, 21(8): 767-772.
[89]	Zheng D, Dan Y, Yang SH, et al. Controlled chondrogenesis from adipose-derived stem cells by recombinant transforming growth factor-β3 fusion protein in peptide scaffolds[J]. Acta Biomater, 2015, (11): 191-203.
[90]	Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y, et al. The influence of Chm-I knockout on ectopic cartilage regeneration and homeostasis maintenance[J]. Tissue Eng Part A, 2015, 21(3/4): 782-792.
[91]	Lammi PE, Lammi MJ, Tammi RH, et al. Strong hyaluronan expression in the full-thickness rat articular cartilage repair tissue[J]. Histochem Cell Biol, 2001, 115(4): 301-308.
[92]	Oshima Y, Watanabe N, Matsuda K, et al. Fate of transplanted bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal cells during osteochondral repair using transgenic rats to simulate autologous transplantation[J]. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2004, 12(10): 811-817.
[93]	Shao XX, Hutmacher DW, Ho ST, et al. Evaluation of a hybrid scaffold/cell construct in repair of high-load-bearing osteochondral defects in rabbits[J]. Biomaterials, 2006, 27(7): 1071-1080.
[94]	Hunziker EB. Articular cartilage repair: basic science and clinical progress. A review of the current status and prospects[J]. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2002, 10(6): 432-463.
[95]	Sakata R, Iwakura T, Reddi AH. Regeneration of articular cartilage surface: morphogens, cells, and extracellular matrix scaffolds[J]. Tissue Eng Part B Rev, 2015, 21(5): 461-473.
[96]	Deng S, Huang R, Wang J, et al. Miscellaneous animal models accelerate the application of mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage regeneration[J]. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther, 2014, 9(3): 223-233.
[97]	Feczkó P, Hangody L, Varga J, et al. Experimental results of donor site filling for autologous osteochondral mosaicplasty[J]. Arthroscopy, 2003, 19(7): 755-761.
[98]	Zhou G, Liu W, Cui L, et al. Repair of porcine articular osteochondral defects in non-weightbearing areas with autologous bone marrow stromal cells[J]. Tissue Eng, 2006, 12(11): 3209-3221.
[99]	Frisbie DD, Cross MW, Mcilwraith CW. A comparative study of articular cartilage thickness in the stifle of animal species used in human pre-clinical studies compared to articular cartilage thickness in the human knee[J]. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol, 2006, 19(3): 142-146.
[100]	Ho ST, Hutmacher DW, Ekaputra AK, et al. The evaluation of a biphasic osteochondral implant coupled with an electrospun membrane in a large animal model[J]. Tissue Eng Part A, 2010, 16(4): 1123-1141.
[101]	Siebert CH, Miltner O, Weber M, et al. Healing of osteochondral grafts in an ovine model under the influence of bFGF[J]. Arthroscopy, 2003, 19(2): 182-187.
[102]	Kon E, Filardo G, Shani J, et al. Osteochondral regeneration with a novel aragonite-hyaluronate biphasic scaffold: up to 12-month follow-up study in a goat model[J/OL]. J Orthop Surg Res, 2015, (10): 81. doi: 10.1186/s13018-015-0211-y.
[103]	Edwards R3, Lu Y, Uthamanthil RK, et al. Comparison of mechanical debridement and radiofrequency energy for chondroplasty in an in vivo equine model of partial thickness cartilage injury[J]. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2007, 15(2): 169-178.
[104]	Trachtenberg JE, Vo TN, Mikos AG. Pre-clinical characterization of tissue engineering constructs for bone and cartilage regeneration[J]. Ann Biomed Eng, 2015, 43(3): 681-696.
[105]	Saarakkala S, Laasanen MS, Jurvelin JS, et al. Quantitative ultrasound imaging detects degenerative changes in articular cartilage surface and subchondral bone[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2006, 51(20): 5333-5346.
[106]	Wang B, Liu W, Xing D, et al. Injectable nanohydroxyapatite-chitosan-gelatin micro-scaffolds induce regeneration of knee subchondral bone lesions[J/OL]. Sci Rep, 2017, 7(1): 16709. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-17-25-6.
[107]	Ramaswamy S, Greco JB, Uluer MC, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of chondrocytes labeled with superparamagnetic Iron oxide nanoparticles in tissue-engineered cartilage[J]. Tissue Eng Part A, 2009, 15(12): 3899-3910.
[108]	Wellsandt E, Gardinier ES, Manal K, et al. Decreased knee joint loading associated with early knee osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament injury[J]. Am J Sports Med, 2016, 44(1): 143-151.
[109]	Lohmander LS, Englund PM, Dahl LL, et al. The long-term consequence of anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus injuries: osteoarthritis[J]. Am J Sports Med, 2007, 35(10): 1756-1769.
[110]	Welch T, Mandelbaum B, Tom M. Autologous chondrocyte implantation: past, present, and future[J]. Sports Med Arthrosc, 2016, 24(2): 85-91.
[111]	Goldberg A, Mitchell K, Soans J, et al. The use of mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage repair and regeneration: a systematic review[J/OL]. J Orthop Surg Res, 2017, 12(1): 39. doi: 10.1186/s13018-017-0534-y.
[112]	Oldershaw RA. Cell sources for the regeneration of articular cartilage: the past, the horizon and the future[J]. Int J Exp Pathol, 2012, 93(6): 389-400.
[113]	Ye K, Felimban R, Moulton SE, et al. Bioengineering of articular cartilage: past, present and future[J]. Regen Med, 2013, 8(3): 333-349.
[114]	Martin F, Lehmann M, Sack U, et al. Featured article: in vitro development of personalized cartilage microtissues uncovers an individualized differentiation capacity of human chondrocytes[J]. Exp Biol Med (Maywood), 2017, 242(18): 1746-1756.
[115]	Fooddrug AH. Eligibility determination for donors of human cells，tissues，and cellular and tissue-based products.Final rule[J]. Fed Regist, 2004, 69(101): 29785-29834.
[116]	Vapniarsky N, Huwe LW, Arzi B, et al. Tissue engineering toward temporomandibular joint disc regeneration[J/OL]. Sci Transl Med, 2018, 10(446): eaaq1802. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaq1802.
[117]	Arvayo AL, Wong IJ, Dragoo JL, et al. Enhancing integration of articular cartilage grafts via photochemical bonding[J]. J Orthop Res, 2018, 36(9): 2406-2415.
[118]	Athens AA, Makris EA, Hu JC. Induced collagen cross-links enhance cartilage integration[J/OL]. PLoS One, 2013, 8(4): e60719. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060719.
[119]	Utomo L, Van Osch GJ, Bayon Y, et al. Guiding synovial inflammation by macrophage phenotype modulation: an in vitro study towards a therapy for osteoarthritis[J]. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2016, 24(9): 1629-1638.
[120]	Lai JH, Rogan H, Kajiyama G, et al. Interaction between osteoarthritic chondrocytes and adipose-derived stem cells is dependent upon cell distribution in 3D and TGF-β3 iInduction[J]. Tissue Eng Part A, 2014, 21(5/6): 992-1002.
[121]	Xing D, Chen JQ, Yang JB, et al. Perspectives on animal models utilized for the research and development of regenerative therapies for articular cartilage[J]. Curr Mol Biol Rep, 2016, 2(2): 90-100.

种属	软骨厚度(mm)	软骨部位	样本量	随访时间(周)	成熟时间	缺损直径(mm)	实验时间	优点	缺点
鼠	0.1	股骨内、外侧髁	30(10~45)	10(4~24)	6~8周	未提及	8~12周	经济；易于操作	关节小
兔	0.3	股骨内、外侧髁	33(6~210)	16(2~76)	16~39周	3~5	9~36周	成熟较高；易操作	自愈能力强；受力机制与人类不符
狗	1.0~1.3	股骨内、外侧髁或全髁	29(25~30)	16(2~78)	12~24周	10	18~24个月	易于训化；受力机制与人类相似	缺损体积受限；伦理
羊	0.5~1.7	股骨内、外侧髁或全髁	18(4~40)	21(2~78)	24~36周	7.4(2~15)	18~72个月	与人类解剖类似；可行关节镜检查	软骨厚度与软骨下骨密度差异较大
山羊	0.8~2	股骨内、外侧髁或全髁	14(6~32)	26(2~104)	24~36周	6(4.5~12)	18~72个月	可以构建部分软骨损伤模型	骨骼成熟较晚
猪	1.5~2.0	股骨内、外侧髁	24(11~57)	20(1~52)	42~52周	4(3.5~8)	3~58个月	软骨厚度较厚	需专门场地；体型较大；操作难度大
马	1.8~2	股骨外侧髁，掌指关节	8(6~12)	19(2~52)	36周	8~15	12~72个月	最大的模型；可研究慢性损伤	关节长期受压与人类不符

种属	软骨厚度(mm)	软骨部位	样本量	随访时间(周)	成熟时间	缺损直径(mm)	实验时间	优点	缺点
鼠	0.1	股骨内、外侧髁	30(10~45)	10(4~24)	6~8周	未提及	8~12周	经济；易于操作	关节小
兔	0.3	股骨内、外侧髁	33(6~210)	16(2~76)	16~39周	3~5	9~36周	成熟较高；易操作	自愈能力强；受力机制与人类不符
狗	1.0~1.3	股骨内、外侧髁或全髁	29(25~30)	16(2~78)	12~24周	10	18~24个月	易于训化；受力机制与人类相似	缺损体积受限；伦理
羊	0.5~1.7	股骨内、外侧髁或全髁	18(4~40)	21(2~78)	24~36周	7.4(2~15)	18~72个月	与人类解剖类似；可行关节镜检查	软骨厚度与软骨下骨密度差异较大
山羊	0.8~2	股骨内、外侧髁或全髁	14(6~32)	26(2~104)	24~36周	6(4.5~12)	18~72个月	可以构建部分软骨损伤模型	骨骼成熟较晚
猪	1.5~2.0	股骨内、外侧髁	24(11~57)	20(1~52)	42~52周	4(3.5~8)	3~58个月	软骨厚度较厚	需专门场地；体型较大；操作难度大
马	1.8~2	股骨外侧髁，掌指关节	8(6~12)	19(2~52)	36周	8~15	12~72个月	最大的模型；可研究慢性损伤	关节长期受压与人类不符

Please choose a citation manager

Content to export