Trunnionosis is defined as fretting and corrosion of the femoral head-neck interface, and has recently been acknowledged as one of the growing cause of failed total hip arthroplasty. Recently there have been a number of reports about the potential for adverse local tissue reactions related to trunnionosis like metal on metal interface. Biomechanical and bioelectrochemical factors may play important roles. Taper design, material and the sizes of femoral head may have an impact on the development of trunnionosis leading to adverse local tissue reactions. Diagnosis of trunnionosis relies on metal ion analysis and proper radiologic investigation. Management focus on whether the taper should be retained and which the best material is to avoid trunnionosis. This review discussed the etiology, pathogenesis, risk factors, diagnosis and management of truninionsis at the head-neck junction.