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中华关节外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (02) : 235 -241. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-134X.2026.02.013

综述

内侧半月板后根撕裂的诊断与治疗
张志勇1, 刘明2, 孟晨阳3, 窦蕊4, 韩长旭3,()   
  1. 1 010090 呼和浩特,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院影像中心
    2 010090 呼和浩特,内蒙古医科大学
    3 010090 呼和浩特,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院运动医学中心
    4 010090 呼和浩特,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院超声医学中心
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-22 出版日期:2026-04-01
  • 通信作者: 韩长旭
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区公立医院高水平临床专科发展科技项目(2023SGGZ140); 内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2022MS08015); 内蒙古自治区卫生健康科技计划项目(202201344)

Clinical review on medial meniscus posterior root tears

Zhiyong Zhang1, Ming Liu2, Chenyang Meng3, Rui Dou4, Changxu Han3,()   

  1. 1 Department of Imaging Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010090, China
    2 Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010090, China
    3 Department of Sports Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010090, China
    4 Department of Ultrasound Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010090, China
  • Received:2025-03-22 Published:2026-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Changxu Han
引用本文:

张志勇, 刘明, 孟晨阳, 窦蕊, 韩长旭. 内侧半月板后根撕裂的诊断与治疗[J/OL]. 中华关节外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(02): 235-241.

Zhiyong Zhang, Ming Liu, Chenyang Meng, Rui Dou, Changxu Han. Clinical review on medial meniscus posterior root tears[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Joint Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(02): 235-241.

半月板后根可维持膝关节的稳定性,后根撕裂后半月板的环状结构遭到破坏,其生物力学功能类似于半月板完全切除,会引发骨性关节炎(OA)。所以半月板后根撕裂的早期诊疗十分重要。目前内侧半月板后根撕裂(MMPRT)的修复技术逐渐由传统经骨道拉出修复向倒置锚钉技术演进,联合富血小板血浆(PRP)等生物增强手段可改善预后。本综述主要是通过阐述半月板后根撕裂,包括后根解剖学和生物力学、损伤机制及损伤后的临床表现、影像学特征以及治疗方法的选择,提高临床医生早期诊断和治疗半月板后根撕裂的认知,及时采取合适的治疗方案以最大程度地保留关节软骨的功能,提高患者后期的生活质量。

The meniscal posterior root maintains knee stability. When torn, the circular structure of the meniscus is disrupted, with function similar to total meniscectomy, can induce osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of meniscal posterior root tear are crucial. Currently, the repair techniques for medial meniscus posterior root tear (MMPRT) are progressively transitioning from traditional transtibial pull-out repair toward reversed suture anchor technique. Combining these with biological augmentation agents such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) may improve clinical outcomes. This review aimed to enhance clinicians’ understanding of the early diagnosis and treatment of posterior meniscus root tears by discussing the anatomy and biomechanics of the posterior root, injury mechanisms, clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics, and treatment options. By doing so, it sought to promote timely and appropriate treatment strategies to preserve articular cartilage function to the greatest extent and improve patients’ long-term quality of life.

表1 基于撕裂形态下内侧和外侧半月板后根撕裂的分型
Table 1 Classification of medial and lateral meniscal posterior root tears based on tear morphology
图1 半月板后根撕裂和修复关节镜下图像。图A为右膝关节MMPRT(内侧半月板后根撕裂);图B为左膝关节LMPRT(外侧半月板后根撕裂);图C为右膝关节MMPRT修复重建;图D为左膝关节LMPRT修复重建
Figure 1 Arthroscopic images of meniscal posterior root tears and repair. A is MMPRT (medial meniscus posterior root tear) of the right knee; B is LMPRT (lateral meniscus posterior root tear) of the left knee; C is MMPRT repair and reconstruction of the right knee; D is LMPRT repair and reconstruction of the left knee
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