切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华关节外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2023, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (02) : 297 -300. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-134X.2023.02.022

个案报道

全膝关节置换术治疗膝关节自发性骨坏死1例
张一龙, 单嘉欣, 赵传喜()   
  1. 510405 广州中医药大学第五临床医学院;510095 广州,广东省第二中医院
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-18 出版日期:2023-04-01
  • 通信作者: 赵传喜
  • 基金资助:
    广东省中医药局科研项目(20223004); 广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(A2021463)

Case report on total knee arthroplasty for spontaneous osteonecrosis of knee

Yilong Zhang, Jiaxin Shan, Chuanxi Zhao()   

  • Received:2022-07-18 Published:2023-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Chuanxi Zhao
引用本文:

张一龙, 单嘉欣, 赵传喜. 全膝关节置换术治疗膝关节自发性骨坏死1例[J]. 中华关节外科杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(02): 297-300.

Yilong Zhang, Jiaxin Shan, Chuanxi Zhao. Case report on total knee arthroplasty for spontaneous osteonecrosis of knee[J]. Chinese Journal of Joint Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2023, 17(02): 297-300.

膝关节自发性骨坏死(spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee,SPONK)由Ahlbäck等人[1]在1968年首次描述。SPONK是一种发病因素不明的膝关节骨坏死,好发于55岁以上中老年人群,以女性多见[2];发病部位多见股骨内侧髁,部分累及股骨外侧髁或胫骨平台;其特点是无明显诱因出现自发性膝关节周围疼痛并股骨远端或胫骨近端骨髓病变[3,4]。SPONK最初的病理改变为软骨下骨微循环障碍,随即出现骨坏死和不完全性骨折,导致软骨塌陷[5]。影像学方面,SPONK患者其膝关节正侧位X线片检查(包括加拍负重位)通常无明显异常[6],但在磁共振成像(MRI)T2上则表现为弥漫性高信号区,即弥漫性骨髓水肿区[7]。临床上,多通过功能性锻炼、口服抗炎止痛类药物、部分膝关节置换术(unicompartmental knee arthroplasty,UKA)、全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)等治疗SPONK。笔者报告1例TKA治疗SPONK患者,通过对该病例的临床特点及诊疗经过进行汇报,并结合文献回顾,冀能对临床此类病例的诊治提供帮助。

图1 左膝关节正侧位(负重)X线检查结果,示膝关节内侧间隙变窄,股骨关节面欠光整
图2 左膝关节MRI:左膝股骨内侧髁关节软骨增厚毛糙,相应骨皮质及软骨局限性分离、不连,范围约29×7 mm,局部见T2WI高信号影,关节面下见大片状T1WI低信号影;内侧半月板体部及后角根部见小片状、线状增高信号影,异常信号达半月板游离缘、下关节面缘
图3 左侧股骨内侧髁坏死组织HE(苏木精-伊红)染色(×100),可见成熟的板层骨组织,骨小梁间纤维组织增生,伴组织细胞浸润,局部坏死
图4 患者行左侧TKA术中截骨部分。图A示股骨远端骨软骨缺损,累及股骨滑车沟;图B示股骨内侧髁骨坏死病灶;图C示坏死病灶灼烧电凝
图5 患者术后第1天左侧膝关节正侧位X片,示左侧人工全膝关节置换术后,假体未见松脱、移位及断裂
[1]
Ahlbäck S, Bauer GCH, Bohne WH. Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee[J]. Arthritis Rheum, 1968, 11(6): 705-733.
[2]
王浩浩,张民,席刚,等. 膝关节自发性骨坏死的保膝治疗研究进展[J]. 实用骨科杂志2020, 26(12): 1127-1131.
[3]
沈茂荣,王平,沈欣欣,等. 膝关节自发性骨坏死相关机制的研究进展[J]. 中医临床研究2021, 13(18): 113-116.
[4]
Zywiel MG, McGrath MS, Seyler TM, et al. Osteonecrosis of the knee: a review of three disorders[J]. Orthop Clin North Am, 2009, 40(2): 193-211.
[5]
Yamamoto T, Bullough PG. Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee: the result of subchondral insufficiency fracture[J]. J Bone Jt Surg Am, 2000, 82(6): 858-866.
[6]
张海东,滕涛. X线不宜单独作为膝骨关节炎的评价标准[J/CD]. 中华关节外科杂志(电子版), 2018, 12(6): 119-122.
[7]
Geijer M, Jureus J, Hanni, et al. MR appearance of the temporal evolution and resolution of spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee: a case report[J/OL]. Acta Radiol Open, 2017, 6(2): 2058460116688719. DOI: 10.1177/2058460116688719.
[8]
Akamatsu Y, Mitsugi N, Hayashi T, et al. Low bone mineral density is associated with the onset of spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee[J]. Acta Orthop, 2012, 83(3): 249-255.
[9]
Oda S, Fujita A, Moriuchi H, et al. Medial meniscal extrusion and spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee[J]. J Orthop Sci, 2019, 24(5): 867-872.
[10]
刘新光,郭万首. 膝关节自发性骨坏死的病因学研究进展[J]. 中华骨与关节外科杂志2016, 9(6): 536-540.
[11]
申意伟,徐西林,张晓峰,等. 从生物力学角度探讨酒精对大鼠股骨干及股骨头影响的实验研究[J]. 中国骨质疏松杂志2020, 26(3):313-317.
[12]
中华医学会骨质疏松和骨矿盐疾病分会. 原发性骨质疏松症诊疗指南(2017)[J]. 中国骨质疏松杂志2019, 25(3): 281-309.
[13]
马远征,王以朋,刘强,等. 中国老年骨质疏松症诊疗指南(2018)[J]. 中国骨质疏松杂志2018,24(12):1541-1567.
[14]
Takeda M, Higuchi H, Kimura M, et al. Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee: histopathological differences between early and progressive cases[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Br, 2008, 90(3): 324-329.
[15]
Sayyid S, Younan Y, Sharma G, et al. Subchondral insufficiency fracture of the knee: grading, risk factors, and outcome[J]. Skeletal Radiol, 2019, 48(12): 1961-1974.
[16]
Tanaka Y, Mima H, Yonetani Y, et al. Histological evaluation of spontaneous osteonecrosis of the medial femoral condyle and short-term clinical results of osteochondral autografting: a case series[J]. Knee, 2009, 16(2): 130-135.
[17]
Zywiel MG, Armocida FM, McGrath MS, et al. Bicondylar spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee: a case report[J]. Knee, 2010, 17(2): 167-171.
[18]
Hatanaka H, Yamamoto T, Motomura G, et al. Histopathologic findings of spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee at an early stage: a case report[J]. Skeletal Radiol, 2016, 45(5): 713-716.
[19]
李盼盼,任思勰,张涛,等. 膝关节自发性骨坏死MRI误诊分析[J]. 海南医学2018, 29(22):3181-3184.
[20]
Ochi J, Nozaki T, Nimura A, et al. Subchondral insufficiency fracture of the knee: review of current concepts and radiological differential diagnoses[J]. Jpn J Radiol, 2022, 40(5): 443-457.
[21]
牛国庆,彭智浩,温建强,等. 活动平台单髁置换治疗膝关节自发性骨坏死的5年随访[J]. 中国组织工程研究2020, 24(33): 5283-5288.
[22]
Koshino T, Okamoto R, Takamura K, et al. Arthroscopy in spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee[J]. Orthop Clin North Am, 1979, 10(3): 609-618.
[23]
Mont MA, Baumgarten KM, Rifai A, et al. Atraumatic osteonecrosis of the knee[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2000, 82(9): 1279-1290.
[24]
Aglietti P, Insall JN, Buzzi R, et al. Idiopathic osteonecrosis of the knee. Aetiology, prognosis and treatment[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Br, 1983, 65(5): 588-597.
[25]
叶培,董志兴,王立晖,等. 全膝关节置换术治疗晚期膝关节自发性骨坏死[J]. 中国骨与关节损伤杂志2021, 36(8): 837-839.
[26]
卢明峰,李泽晖,朱东平,等. 单髁置换术治疗膝关节自发性骨坏死的近期疗效研究[J/CD]. 中华关节外科杂志(电子版), 2017, 11(5): 477-483.
[27]
中华医学会骨科分会关节外科学组,吴阶平医学基金会骨科学专家委员会. 膝骨关节炎阶梯治疗专家共识(2018年版)[J/CD]. 中华关节外科杂志(电子版), 2019, 13(1): 124-130.
[28]
Meier C, Kraenzlin C, Friederich NF, et al. Effect of ibandronate on spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial[J]. Osteoporos Int, 2014, 25(1): 359-366.
[29]
Valentí Nín JR, Leyes M, Schweitzer D. Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee. Treatment and evolution[J]. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 1998, 6(1):12-15.
[30]
Vaishya R, Vijay V, Vaish A. Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee: an unusual cause of knee pain[J/OL]. BMJ Case Rep, 2014, 2014: bcr2014204570. DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2014-204570.
No related articles found!
阅读次数
全文


摘要