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中华关节外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2018, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (05) : 638 -643. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-134X.2018.05.008

所属专题: 文献

临床论著

全膝关节置换术后切口并发症的危险因素分析
李志文1, 廖威明1,()   
  1. 1. 510080 广州,中山大学附属第一医院
  • 收稿日期:2018-01-16 出版日期:2018-10-01
  • 通信作者: 廖威明

Risk factors for postoperative wound complications after total knee arthroplasty

Zhiwen Li1, Weiming Liao1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
  • Received:2018-01-16 Published:2018-10-01
  • Corresponding author: Weiming Liao
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Liao Weiming, Email:
引用本文:

李志文, 廖威明. 全膝关节置换术后切口并发症的危险因素分析[J/OL]. 中华关节外科杂志(电子版), 2018, 12(05): 638-643.

Zhiwen Li, Weiming Liao. Risk factors for postoperative wound complications after total knee arthroplasty[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Joint Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2018, 12(05): 638-643.

目的

回顾性研究全膝关节置换术(TKA)术后切口并发症的高危因素。

方法

2014年10月至2017年9月在中山大学附属第一医院就诊,因符合膝关节骨关节炎及类风湿性骨关节炎诊断标准及手术适应证,行初次全膝关节置换术的患者共620人(738膝),其中55人(55膝)发生了术后切口并发症,分别采用两样本t检验、χ2检验及logistic回归分析回顾性分析病因、性别、年龄、高血压、糖尿病等相关临床因素,从中寻找导致TKA术后切口出现并发症的高危因素。

结果

术后切口并发症的发生率约7.45%,经单因素分析及多因素logistic回归分析后,身体质量指数(BMI)过高、既往吸烟病史及术后使用抗凝药均是TKA术后发生切口并发症的重要危险因素,其比值比(OR)分别为1.199、3.119、2.684(P<0.05)。

结论

BMI值过高、既往吸烟史及术后使用抗凝药均是TKA术后发生切口并发症的高危因素,术后应密切观察这些患者的切口情况。对于术后使用抗凝药物的患者,围手术期应注意评估药物预防静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)、出血及发生切口并发症的风险,及时调整治疗方案。

Objective

To analyze the clinical risk factor for postoperative wood complications following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) retrospectively.

Methods

From October 2014 to September 2017, 620 cases (738 knees) underwent primary TKA because of the knee osteoarthritis or knee rheumatoid osteoarthritis in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, among which 55 cases (55 knees) occurred postoperative wood complications. The possible risk factors such as etiology, gender, age, hypertension, diabetes were analyzed to determine the cause of postoperative wood complications with Two-sample t test, χ2 test and logistic regression analysis respectively.

Results

Postoperatively, 55 cases (55 knees) had wood complications and the incidence rate is 7.45%. After univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, excessive body mass index (BMI), history of smoking and the use of anticoagulants were important risk factors for wood complications after TKA. The odds ratio (OR)were 1.199, 3.119, 2.684 (P<0.05) respectively.

Conclusions

Patients with excessive BMI, history of smoking or using postoperative anticoagulant therapy are more likely to have wound complications after TKA. Close attention should be paid to the wound condition after the surgery, and evaluate the risk of anticoagulant therapy for the patients who need anticoagulant therapy to prevent VTE, bleeding and wound complications, and adjust the treatment in time.

表1 切口愈合良好与发生切口并发症患者分类型变量比较(n=738)
表2 切口愈合良好与与发生切口并发症患者的连续变量比较[n=738,(±s)]
表3 TKA术后切口并发症的多因素logistic回归分析[n=738,(±s)]
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