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中华关节外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (06) : 808 -812. doi: 10.3877/ cma.j.issn.1674-134X.2024.06.017

临床经验

10例关节旁复发性骨囊肿的治疗经验
赵盾1, 方斌2,3, 易春智4, 李悦2,3,()   
  1. 1.510000 广州中医药大学第三临床医学院
    2.510000 广州中医药大学第一附属医院
    3.510000 广州,广东省中医临床研究院
    4.510000 广州,广东省第二人民医院
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-21 出版日期:2024-12-01
  • 通信作者: 李悦
  • 基金资助:
    广东省中医药管理局课题项目(20231163)

Experience in treatment of ten cases of para-articular recurrent bone cysts

Dun Zhao1, Bin Fang2,3, Chunzhi Yi4, Yue Li2,3,()   

  1. 1.The Third Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China
    2.The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000,China
    3.Guangdong Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China
    4.The Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510000, China
  • Received:2023-12-21 Published:2024-12-01
  • Corresponding author: Yue Li
引用本文:

赵盾, 方斌, 易春智, 李悦. 10例关节旁复发性骨囊肿的治疗经验[J/OL]. 中华关节外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 808-812.

Dun Zhao, Bin Fang, Chunzhi Yi, Yue Li. Experience in treatment of ten cases of para-articular recurrent bone cysts[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Joint Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(06): 808-812.

目的

通过分析关节旁骨囊肿的复发病例,评估复发后局部病灶内注射治疗的临床疗效和长期随访结果、地舒单抗皮下注射的治疗疗效,分析失败病例的相关教训和经验。

方法

回顾性分析2013年至2021年广州中医药大学第一附属医院10例动脉瘤样骨囊肿(BCA)和骨囊肿(BC)术后复发病例,5例患者复发后采用多次病灶内注射治疗的方式进行治疗,2例使用地舒单抗治疗,1例行刮除植骨术,1例行骺板阻滞术,1例最终行人工髋关节置换术。对该10例病例进行长期随访,分析其临床疗效、患者的肿瘤学结果及术后功能等。

结果

部分BCA和BC患者复发后无明显临床症状。病灶内注射和地舒单抗治疗的患者经过至少24个月的随访,均达到部分或完全愈合,肌肉骨骼肿瘤评分(MSTS)评分为29或30分,功能活动良好,心理接受度高,无并发症发生。

结论

规律的随访对发现BCA和BC复发非常重要,对复发患者推荐使用多次病灶内注射治疗的方法。

Objective

To analyze lessons and experiences of the failed cases of the recurrent bone cyst(BC)and aneurysmal bone cyst (BCA) by evaluations of the clinical efficacy and long-term follow-up results of local intralesional injection, as well as the therapeutic effect of subcutaneous injection of denosumab.

Methods

Retrospective analysis was performed on 10 patients with postoperative recurrence of BC and BCA in The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from 2013 to 2021. Five patients were treated with multiple intralesional injections after recurrence. Among these five patients, two patients were treated with denosumab, one patient was treated with epiphyseal plate block, and one patient finally underwent artificial hip replacement. These 10 patients were followed up for a long time to evaluate the clinical efficacy,oncological outcome and postoperative function.

Results

Some BCA and BC patients had no obvious clinical symptoms after recurrence. After at least 24 months of follow-up, all the patients treated with intralesional injection and desumumab achieved partial or complete healing, Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score of 29 or 30, good functional activity, high psychological acceptance, and no complication.

Conclusion

Regular follow-up is very important to detect recurrence of BCA and BC, and multiple intralesional injections are recommended for recurrent patients.

图1 左股骨近端BCA(动脉瘤样骨囊肿)术后复发治疗前后正位X线片。图A为左股骨治疗前X线片,示左股骨行刮除植骨髓内钉固定术后BCA复发,近端溶骨性破坏;图B为地舒单抗皮下注射治疗2年后双侧髋关节X线片,示病灶基本消失
Figure 1 Anteroposterior X ray images of recurrent left proximal femoral BCA before and after treatment. A is X ray image of left femur before treatment, showing BCA recurrence after curettage and intramedullary nail fixation, with osteolytic destruction of the left proximal femur; B is X ray image of bilateral hips after two years of subcutaneous injection of denosumab, showing the lesions disappearing
图2 典型病例1 左侧股骨近端BC(骨囊肿)术后复发治疗前后影像。图A为术前双侧髋关节正位X线片,示左侧股骨近端病理性骨折;图B为术后双侧髋关节正位X线片,示空心钉内固定左侧股骨骨折;图C为左髋关节肿瘤组织HE (苏木素-伊红)染色图(×50),示周围纤维母细胞及纤维组织增生形成囊壁,少量炎细胞及破骨样巨细胞浸润,外周骨组织增生;图D为 术后3年双侧髋关节正位X线片,示左侧股骨颈病理性骨折、骨囊肿复发;图E为左髋关节置换术后双侧髋关节正位X线片
Figure 2 Images of typical case one with recurrent BC of the proximal femur before and after treatment. A is the anteroposterior X-ray image of bilateral hips before surgery, showing proximal pathological fracture of the left femur; B is the anteroposterior X-ray image of bilateral hips after surgery, showing internal fixation with cannulated crews; C is the HE staining of the tumor tissue of the left hip joint (×50),showing cyst wall formed by surrounding fibroblasts and fibrous tissue proliferation, a small amount of inflammatory cells and osteoclaseslike giant cells infiltration, and peripheral bone tissue proliferation; D is the anteroposterior X-ray image of bilateral hips three years after surgery, showing pathological fracture of left femoral neck and recurrence of bone cyst; E is the anteroposterior X-ray image of bilateral hips after left hip replacement
图3 典型病例2 左肱骨近端BC(骨囊肿)刮除植骨术后复发治疗前后左肩关节正位X线片。图A为肱骨近端刮除植骨术后;图B示术后2年左上肢内翻畸形;图C示左肱骨近端刮除植骨术3年后行左肱骨外侧骨骺阻滞术
Figure 3 Anteroposterior radiographs of the left shoulder of typical case two with recurrent BC of proximal humerus before and after treatment. A is the image of left proximal humerus after curetage and bone grafting; B is the image two years after the primary surgery, showing varus deformity of the left upper limb; C is the image three years after the primary surgery, showing lateral epiphyseal block of the left humerus
图4 典型病例3 右股骨近端BCA(动脉瘤样骨囊肿)术后复发及治疗前后图像。图A为右髋关节肿瘤组织HE (苏木素-伊红)染色(×200), 病灶内见较多炎性肉芽组织,可见少量多核巨细胞,诊断为BCA。图B为双下肢全长正位X线片,示右股骨近端溶骨性破坏行刮除植骨钢板内固定术后;图C为钢板固定术后1年双髋关节正位X线片,示原植骨部位溶骨性破坏;图D为钢板固定术后3年双髋关节正位X线片,示右股骨近端钢板取出后弹性钉内固定;图E为髓内钉固定并治疗1年后右髋关节正位X线片,示病灶基本消失,骨皮质增厚
Figure 4 Images of typical case three before and after treatment of postoperative recurrence of BCA in the right proximal femur. A is HE staining of the tumor tissue of the right hip joint (×200), showing more inflammatory granulation tissue and a small number of multinucleated giant cells in the lesion; B is the full-length anteroposterior X-ray image of both lower limbs, showing the right proximal femur after curettage, bone grafting and plate fixation for osteolytic destruction; C is anteroposterior X-ray image of bilateral hips one year after the plate fixation, showing osteolytic destruction at the original bone graft site; D is anteroposterior X-ray image of bilateral hips three years after the plate fixation, showing elastic nail internal fixation at the right proximal femur with plate removed; E is anteroposterior X-ray image of the right hip one year after the nail fixation, showing the lesions disappeared and the bone cortex thickened
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