Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the main operation for the treatment of knee diseases such as knee osteoarthritis and knee rheumatoid arthritis. It has good effect in reducing the pain of diseased joints and improving joint function. In recent years, with the increasing pursuit of a better life, the amount of TKA surgery is also increasing year by year. However, up to 16%-33% of patients who receive TKA experience chronic pain after surgery, which is one of the main causes of postoperative dissatisfaction. In a large proportion of patients, their surgeons believe that intraoperative evaluation and post-operative radiography indicate that the operation has been successful. More and more surgeons are aware of the importance of non-surgical factors that cause chronic pain after surgery. There are many non-surgical factors that affect chronic pain after surgery. Joint surgeons should determine what kind of patients are likely to have chronic pain after surgery, adjust the status of patients before surgery, and lower the postoperative expectations of patients, so as to improve patient satisfaction and reduce medical disputes. In the event of postoperative chronic pain, revision surgery should only be performed if the cause of the pain has been clearly related to surgical factors, as revision surgery for unexplained pain has been shown to lead to poor outcomes. Through literature review, this article analyzed the non-surgical influencing factors of chronic pain after TKA, aiming to increase the attention of joint surgeons.