Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is a surgical intervention for degenerative osteoarthritis of the knee, which was originated in the 1970s. Initially, the effect was not ideal, however, with the improvement of implant design and surgical technique, the effect became satisfactory gradually. As a result, more and more surgeons start to choose unicompartmental knee arthroplasty as an usual treatment. However, there are still many problems to be solved. This article reviewed the treatment and prevention of common complications of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.