Potential mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell exosomes promoting cartilage regeneration

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-134X.2023.01.006

Abstract

Abstract:

Current animal and clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in repairing cartilage damage. Previous researchers believe that the therapeutic effect of MSC is mainly based on the chondrogenic differentiation potential of MSC. Now more and more studies have attributed the therapeutic effect to paracrine, especially the role of exosomes. This review aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) exosomes in repair of cartilage damage through immune regulation and regeneration potential.

Key words: Mesenchymal stem cells, Exosomes, Cartilage, Arthritis, Review

Boyong Jiang, Changxu Han. Potential mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell exosomes promoting cartilage regeneration[J]. Chinese Journal of Joint Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2023, 17(01): 44-51.

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研究作者	研究成果
Lee等^[15]	在猪股骨软骨损伤模型注入MSCs后，同对照组相比MSCs所在的移植组生成了全新的软骨组织
Xie等^[16]	在受损部位植入脂肪MSCs、骨髓MSCs及复合富含血小板血浆可吸收支架对于局限性的软骨损伤有一定程度上的修复作用
Koh等^[9]	在股骨髁软骨局限性损伤患者中，同进行单独微骨折治疗的治疗组相比，脂肪MSCs结合微骨折治疗的治疗方案在KOOS疼痛和症状评分与影像学两方面具有显著改善
Zhang等^[13]	MSCs外泌体能够通过促进并加强硫酸糖胺聚糖和Ⅱ型胶原等基质的方式来加速对于缺损区域的填充
Lai等^[33]	MSCs对于维持组织稳态至关重要，其主要功能是主要功能是为了充分发挥组织功能而维持一种最佳微环境

研究作者	研究成果
Lee等^[15]	在猪股骨软骨损伤模型注入MSCs后，同对照组相比MSCs所在的移植组生成了全新的软骨组织
Xie等^[16]	在受损部位植入脂肪MSCs、骨髓MSCs及复合富含血小板血浆可吸收支架对于局限性的软骨损伤有一定程度上的修复作用
Koh等^[9]	在股骨髁软骨局限性损伤患者中，同进行单独微骨折治疗的治疗组相比，脂肪MSCs结合微骨折治疗的治疗方案在KOOS疼痛和症状评分与影像学两方面具有显著改善
Zhang等^[13]	MSCs外泌体能够通过促进并加强硫酸糖胺聚糖和Ⅱ型胶原等基质的方式来加速对于缺损区域的填充
Lai等^[33]	MSCs对于维持组织稳态至关重要，其主要功能是主要功能是为了充分发挥组织功能而维持一种最佳微环境

研究作者	研究成果
Lai等^[12]	外泌体会导致MSCs分泌能够具有保护心脏作用的微泡
Lee等^[27]	MSCs会通过过表达IL-6，IL-8和MCP-1的方式，引发单核细胞迁移得以达到应对炎症的目的
Bruno等^[28]	MSCs分泌的微泡在对由甘油所诱导的急性肾小泡损伤能够具有修复作用
Wu等^[23,24]	人体的MSCs通过分泌营养因子这一途径促进细胞外基质的合成过程与软骨细胞的增殖过程
Kato等^[32]	外泌体会通过IL-1β来刺激滑膜成纤维细胞，同时促进软骨细胞和基质中的，MMP-13释放，从而加速促进OA的发展

研究作者	研究成果
Lai等^[12]	外泌体会导致MSCs分泌能够具有保护心脏作用的微泡
Lee等^[27]	MSCs会通过过表达IL-6，IL-8和MCP-1的方式，引发单核细胞迁移得以达到应对炎症的目的
Bruno等^[28]	MSCs分泌的微泡在对由甘油所诱导的急性肾小泡损伤能够具有修复作用
Wu等^[23,24]	人体的MSCs通过分泌营养因子这一途径促进细胞外基质的合成过程与软骨细胞的增殖过程
Kato等^[32]	外泌体会通过IL-1β来刺激滑膜成纤维细胞，同时促进软骨细胞和基质中的，MMP-13释放，从而加速促进OA的发展

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