To analyze the risk factors of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis before hip fracture preoperative.

The clinical data of 254 patients with hip fracture admitted to Xiji People′s Hospital from January 2018 to April 2021 were retrospectively collected and divided into the occurrence group and the non-occurrence group according to the occurrence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis before surgery. The general data of the occurrence group and the non-occurrence group were analyzed. The risk factors of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis before hip fracture preoperative were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis method.

A total of 254 patients with hip fracture were enrolled, among them, 30 patients had lower extremity deep vein thrombosis before surgery, and the incidence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis before surgery was 11.81%. The activated partial thrombin time in the occurrence group was shorter than that in the non-occurrence group (t=2.075, P<0.05), the levels of hemoglobin and albumin were lower than those in the non-occurrence group (t=7.787, 2.279, both P<0.05). The proportion of patients aged ≥70 years, time from injury to surgery ≥5 d and fracture type of intertrochanteric fracture of femur in the occurrence group were 73.33%, 93.33% and 66.67%, respectively, which were higher than 49.11%, 62.95% and 45.54% in the non-occurrence group (χ²=6.221, 10.972, 4.733, all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥70 years, time from injury to surgery ≥5 d, fracture type of intertrochanteric fracture of femur, and short activated partial thrombin time were independent risk factors for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis before hip fracture preoperative [odds ratio(OR)=2.083, 2.259, 2.100, 2.000, all P<0.05].

The incidence of preoperative lower extremity deep vein thrombosis is higher in hip fracture, and the risk factors including age ≥70 years, time from injury to surgery ≥5 d, intertrochanteric fracture of femur, and short activated partial thrombin time. Individualized treatment and care can be used in the patients with hip fracture preoperatively according to these factors, in order to reduce the risk of preoperative lower extremity deep vein thrombosis.